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chemistry > GasesInAtmosphere (combustion/thermal decomposition/greenhousegases) > Flashcards

GasesInAtmosphere (combustion/thermal decomposition/greenhousegases) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the percentage of gases in the atmosphere in descending order

A

Nitrogen 78%
Oygen 21%
Argon 0.9%
Carbon dioxide 0.04%

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2
Q

What are three metals that can be used to test for the presence of oxygen in the air

A

Copper
Phosphorous
Iron

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3
Q

In the experiment using copper to test for the presence of oxygen, why are both syringes pushed back and forth

A

So that the air in the system keeps passing over the copper

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4
Q

In the experiment using copper to test for the presence of oxygen, why is the bunsen burner passed along the tube

A

To ensure that fresh copper is heated

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5
Q

What is the main gas left in the air in the syringes once the experiment to test for the presence of oxygen using copper has finished?

A

Nitrogen
(because oxygen is used up)

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6
Q

Why is it important to use excess metal in experiments testing for the presence of oxygen in the air

A

To ensure that all of the oxygen is removed

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7
Q

John doesnt use excess copper in his experiment to test for the presence of air with oxygen.
Explain why this may be a problem

A

All of the oxygen may not have reacted, so the percentage of oxygen calculted will be inaccurate and too low

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8
Q

Why may it be better to test for the presence of oxygen using copper experiment rather than iron experiment

A

Because iron experiment is time consuming (takes about a week)

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9
Q

How would you measure the total intial volume of oxygen in the experiment using iron to test for the presence of air

A

Add the volume of oxygen in the gas syringe, the connecting tube and the conical flask

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10
Q

Give two reasons why the volume of oxygen collected at the end may not be 21%

A

1- Because the metal may not have been excess so all the oxygen wouldnt have been able to react
2- The experiment wasnt left long enough so there wasnt enough time for all the oxygen to react

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11
Q

Why is phosphorous a good non-metal to use when testing the presence or oxygen in the air

A

Because it is very reactive and reacts fast

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12
Q

When phosphorous oxide is produced, what does it look like in the bell jar

A

A white smoke

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13
Q

How is the phosphorous heated in the bell jar when the bung is removed

A

With a hot wire

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14
Q

What colour is magnesium oxide

A

White powder

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15
Q

What colour is the flame for burning sulfur

A

Blue

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16
Q

What colour is sulfur

A

Yellow powder

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17
Q

What colour flame does hydrogen oxide burn in

A

Pale blue

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18
Q

What colour flame does magnesium oxide burn in

A

Bright white flame

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19
Q

What colour is magnesium

A

Silver ribbon

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20
Q

What type of reaction is a combustion reaction

A

An exothermic reaction

21
Q

What compound does magnesium oxide(white powder) form when it reacts with water

A

Magnesium hydroxide

22
Q

What is the balanced symbol equation with state symbols for the reaction between magnesium oxide and water

A

MgO (s) + H2O (l) ——-) Mg(OH)2(aq)

23
Q

Write the word equation for when sulfur reacts oxygen

A

Sulfur + Oxygen ——-) Sulfur dioxide

24
Q

What is produced when sulfur dioxide reacts with water

A

Sulfurous acid

25
Q

What is the chemical formula for sulfurous acid

A

H2SO3

26
Q

What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sulfur dioxide and water with state symbols

A

SO2(g)+ H2O(l) ———) H2SO3 (aq)

27
Q

When any metal oxide is dissolved in water what is formed

A

A metal hydroxide

28
Q

What are the chemical terms for limestone, quick lime, lime water

A

Limestone= calcium carbonate
Quick lime= calcium oxide
Lime water= calcium hydroxide

29
Q

What are four examples of substances that can be thermally decomposed

A

Copper carbonate
Calcium carbonate
Petrol(hydrocarbon)
Fossil fuels

30
Q

Do all thermal decompsotion reactions produce carbon dioxide?

A

Yes

31
Q

What is the general word equation for a metal carbonate that is thermally decomposed

A

Metal carbonate ——-(heat)——-) metal oxide + carbon dioxide

32
Q

What is the balanced symbol equation with state symbols of copper carbonate being thermally decomposed

A

CuCO3(s)——-) CuO(s) +CO2(g)

33
Q

Describe what you will see when Copper carbonate is thermally decomposed

A

A colour change from green to black

34
Q

Which carbonate only thermally decomposes at very high temperatures

A

Calcium Carbonate

35
Q

Which two ways can carbon dioxide be formed

A

By thermal decomposition of metal carbonates
By reacting calcium carbonate with hydrochloride acid
By burning fossil fuels

36
Q

What is the definitionnof a green house gas

A

A gas in the atmosphere that aborbs infrared radiation from the sun and then re radiates it back towards the earth

37
Q

Wrote the balmced wymbol equation for the combustion of hydrogen in the air

A

2H2+ O2——) 2H2O

38
Q

With the experiment using phosphorous to meausre the concentration of oxygen in the air, there was 50cm^3 of dry ice in the apparatus at the start of the experiment.
How much ice will there be at the end of the experiment?

A

39.5
Because
O x (1-M) =N
(Reverse percentages)

39
Q

When measuring the volume of air collected in an experiment, why is it important to allow the gas to cool down first

A

Because at high temperatures gases expand

40
Q

When calcium carbonate is thermally decomposed, state the appearance of the limewater before the experiment and after

A

Colourless
Cloudy white (precipitate)

41
Q

Explain how sulfur dioxide can change the appearance of a building made of calcium carbonate

A

Sulfur dioxide reacts with rain water to form sulfurous acid which is rain water and which can corrode the building

42
Q

What is one hse of nitrogen

A

Used as a refrigerant

43
Q

What is the chemical symbol equation for acid rain

A

SO2 + H2O ——-) H2SO3

44
Q

What is the physical state of carbon at room temperature

A

Solid

45
Q

What is the ore of iron called

A

Haemite

46
Q

What is the word equation for when calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid

A

Calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid ——) calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

47
Q

When trying to measure the volume of carbon dioxide obtained from reacting a metal carbonate with acid, state two factors that could affect how the volume of one mole of gases obtained is not 24000cm3

A

1)bung was not put on fast enough so carbon dioxide escaped
2)carbon dioxide dissolved in water

48
Q

What happens when excess carbon dioxide is bubbled through lime water

A

The precipitate dissolves to form a colourless solution

49
Q

Carbon dioxide does not combust so it is good to use in a fire extinguisher. State another property of carbon dioxide that makes it suitable in a fire extinguisher?

A

More dense than oxygen

chemistry (18 decks)

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