Reactivity of Metals (4.1) (M) Flashcards
Metals react with oxygen to produce…
metal oxides
What type of reaction is the one that forms metal oxide from a metal and oxygen? Why?
oxidation reactions
because the metals gain oxygen
What is oxidation? (in terms of oxygen)
gain of oxygen
What is reduction? (in terms of oxygen)
loss of oxygen
When metals react with other substances the metal atoms form (…) ions
positive
The reactivity of a metal is related to what?
its tendency to form positive ions
Metals can be arranged in order of their reactivity in a (…)
reactivity series
Give the reactivity series order
- The metals potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and copper can be put in order of their reactivity from their reactions with water** and **dilute acids*
- The non-metals hydrogen and carbon are often included in the reactivity series*
A more reactive metal can (…) a less reactive metal from a compound
displace
Describe the reactions, if any, of potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and copper with water and dilute acids
How are metals put in order of reactivity?
from their reactivity from their reactions with water and dilute acids
A metal with a (…) tendency to form a positive ion will react more vigorously/at faster rate with water/dilute acid
greater
The reactions of metals with water and acids are limited to (…) and do not include reactions with (…)
room temperature
steam
What type of metals are found in the Earth as the metal itself?
Unreactive metals
What is a common example of an unreactive metal found in the Earth as the metal itself?
Gold
most metals are found as (…) that require (…) to extract the metal
compounds
chemical reactions
How can metals less reactive with carbon be extracted from its compound?
They can be extracted from their oxides by reduction with carbon
How may a metal more reactive than carbon be extracted from its compound?
Through electrolysis
copper(II) oxide + hydrogen ⇢ copper + water
What has been oxidised, what has been reduced
Copper - reduced
Hydrogen - oxidised
What is oxidation (in terms of electrons)?
Loss of electrons
What is reduction (in terms of electrons)?
gain of electrons
Write the full ionic equation for this:
Mg(s) + CuSO4(aq) ⇢ MgSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Mg + Cu2+ ⇢ Mg2+ + Cu
Give the half equations and what is reduced/oxidised in this reaction?
Mg(s) + CuSO4(aq) ⇢ MgSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
Oxidation: Mg ⇢ Mg2+ + 2e-
Reduction: Cu2+ + 2e- ⇢ Cu
