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Science > Reactions Y7+8. > Flashcards

Reactions Y7+8. Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the process used to separate substances?

A

Displacement reaction

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2
Q

What are the main two substances used in the displacement reaction?

A

Carbon and hydrogen

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3
Q

What is an acid?

A

A substance with a pH below 7.

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4
Q

What is an alkali?

A

A substance with a pH above 7

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5
Q

What are some examples of alkalines?

A

Toothpaste, bleach, soap

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6
Q

What are some examples of acids?

A

Citric acid, battery acid

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7
Q

What are the three main categories of acid?

A

Sulphuric acid (sulphate), hydrochloric acid (chloride) and nitric acid (nitrate)

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8
Q

What is oxidation?

A

When oxygen is added to a compound

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9
Q

Exothermic

A

When more energy is given off when making bonds than is taken in when breaking bonds

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10
Q

Endothermic

A

When more energy is taken in when breaking bonds than is released when making bonds

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11
Q

Neutralisation

A

Reaction of acid and base, resulting in salt + water

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12
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?

A

The law that states that mass cannot appear out of thin air and disappear completely. It has to come from somewhere and go somewhere. Therefore, in chemical reactions, the total mass of the reactants must be equal to the total mass of products. This is why we balance equations.

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13
Q

Reactants

A

The starting substances used in reaction

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14
Q

Products

A

New substances formed in a reaction

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15
Q

What three things make up ‘The Fire Triangle?’

A

Oxygen, heat and fuel

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16
Q

Combustion

A

The scientific term for burning. It is burning involving oxygen.

17
Q

Example of complete combustion

A

CH4+O2—>H2O+CO2

18
Q

Example of incomplete combustion

A

CH4+lack of O2—>water+CO (a poisonous gas)

19
Q

How can we test for CO2?

A

Bubbling CO2 through limewater, if it goes cloudy, CO2 is present

20
Q

Thermal decomposition

A

Breaking down compounds with heat

21
Q

Activation energy

A

Reactions need a little bit of energy (like a spark) to get started, this is called activation energy

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