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History Panagakou = French Revolution 🍎 > Reactions To Change At Home And Abroad > Flashcards

Reactions To Change At Home And Abroad Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was Maximilian Robespierre (4+)

A

Lawyer
Elected for EG in 1789
Prominent speaker in the assembly and jacobin clubs = reputation as radical
Nickname the incorruptible = honesty and commitment to revolutionary principles

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2
Q

What did political groups do (4)

A

Discussed issues
Decide on policies
Produce pamphlets and newspapers
Spread their ideas

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3
Q

What was the society of eighty-nine (4)

A

Founded by Sieyes
Supporters of the constitutional monarchy
Charged a high entry fee= wealthy moderates
Bailly, Lafayette, Mirabeau

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4
Q

What wing were the jacobins

A

Left

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5
Q

Jacobin club facts (3+)

A

Met daily
By august 1790 = 152 affiliated jacobin clubs across France
Expanded rapidly = 1000 by end of 1790

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6
Q

Membership of jacobin club (2)

A

High entry fee = bourgeoisie
October 1791 reduced fees = artisans and shopkeepers joined

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7
Q

When did the jacobin club become more radical and what (2)

A

1791
Members broke away to create a more moderate feuillant club in July 1791

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8
Q

What did the jacobins support

A

The constitution

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9
Q

What wing were the cordeliers

A

Left

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10
Q

What did the cordeliers claim (2)

A

Protect citizens rights
Keep watch in the activities of the assembly

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11
Q

Members of the cordeliers (3+)

A

Entry fee was small
Membership open to all women and passive citizens
Danton and Desmoulins founders and Marat was a member

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12
Q

How influential was the cordeliers (2+)

A

High influential force in Parisian politics in 1792
Became the home of ultra revolutionary factions who supported extended the terror

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13
Q

Why were the political clubs influential (2+)

A

Membership of the clubs = humble Parisians and prominent members of the assembly
The ideas emerging from them

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14
Q

What did establishment of the assembly do to the king (4)

A

Authority was questioned
Lost the support of his army
Divine right was challenged
Subjects showed increasing lack of respect

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15
Q

Kings position in June 1791 (3+)

A

Prisoner in Tuileries
CCC challenged his deepest convictions
Political clubs were blossoming

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16
Q

What did Louis and his family plan and what happened + when (3)

A

18 April 1791
Louis and family wanted to spend Easter at nearby palace saint-cloud
Prevented from leaving by a mob

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17
Q

Who did the king and queen have contact with (3+)

A

Growing band of emigre nobles = wanted Louis to assert authority
Queen had assurance from younger brother Leopold that he would help
Leopold had troops along the French borders in parts of the Austrian Netherlands

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18
Q

When did king Louis flight to varennes take place

A

20/21 June 1791

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19
Q

How did the royal family travel (3)

A

Louis rejected advisers choice of route
Rejected suggestion the royals should travel separately
Travelled in a large six horse carriage

20
Q

What went wrong with the departure for the flight (3)

A

Departure was delayed
Weight if the coach slowed it down
Troops waiting for Louis left half an hour before the royals arrived = had no protection

21
Q

Who recognised Louis

A

Old soldier turned postmaster = jean Baptiste Drouet

22
Q

What was the response to Louis resurgence from Varenne

A

Citizens kept their hats on to show their disrespect

23
Q

What did the National Assembly decide on once the king returned + when (2+)

A

16 July 1791 = temporary suspension until the new constitution was ready and he signed it and swore to uphold it

24
Q

Impact of the flight

A

Demands for a republic spread

25
Q

What and when meeting at champ de Mars (2+)

A

17 July 1791
Cordeliers club and other extreme societies organised a meeting were people could sign a petition calling for the establishment of a republic

26
Q

Who attended the meeting - champ de Mars (2)

A

6000 people
Assembly and Paris commune chose to send Lafayette and NG to ensure order

27
Q

Parisian mob in mid 1791? (2+)

A

24 June 1791
March of 30,000 on National Assembly with a petition demanding a republic

28
Q

How many died and impact - champ de Mars (2+)

A

Around 50
Result = republicans also saw this as a betrayal of the ‘people’ by the moderates = a massacre

29
Q

Why was there the declaration of Pillnitz and who (2)

A

Austrians felt they needed to support the monarch Louis
Leopold of Austria and Frederick William III of Prussia

30
Q

When was the declaration of the pillnitz

A

27 august 1791

31
Q

What did the declaration of pillnitz state (3)

A

Situation of the king was of common interest to all nations
Powers of the French crown should be restored
Ready to use force to bring about restoration of royal power

32
Q

What did the declaration of pillnitz do

A

Added to the mistrust of those who had already lost faith in the monarchy

33
Q

When did the new legislative assembly finally meet

A

1 October 1791

34
Q

Legislative assembly first decree + when (4)

A

9 November 1791
Decree against emigres threatening perpetual banishment
Seizure of their property
Unless they returned to France before 1 January 1792

35
Q

Legislative assembly second decree + when (2)

A

29 November 1791
Demanded refractory priests take the oath or be treated like traitors

36
Q

Members of the legislative assembly (4)

A

264 feuillants
136 jacobins
345 (23 clergy) of no particular affiliation
Overwhelming bourgeoisie

37
Q

Louis reaction to legislative assembly decrees

A

Used his suspensory veto

38
Q

Who were the Brissotins (Girondins)

A

Favoured war

39
Q

Assembly reaction to the idea of war (3)

A

Little opposition
Far left failed to get seats in the election
In the jaconpbin club only Robespierre opposed

40
Q

Alliance between Austria and Prussia when (2)

A

February 1792 Prussia promised 20,000 men in support of a war against France

41
Q

What led to a deceleration of war from France + when (3++)

A

1 March 1792 = Leopold died
Lack of response from his successor Francis II to French demands
French declared war on Austria on 20 April 1792

42
Q

What happened during may 1792 NA (2)

A

27 may = assembly voted for deportation of refractory priests
29 may = assembly ordered the disbanding of kings guard

43
Q

Why was an easy victory plan not working (3+)

A

French troops were divided
The blues = volunteers from NG did not trust the whites = men from old royal army
Didn’t trust their commanders = appointed by Louis

44
Q

How was France numerically superior

A

French sent 150,000 men into battle against 35,000 Austrians

45
Q

Kings reaction to the may decrees and June decree

A

Louis used his suspensory veto on all 3

History Panagakou = French Revolution 🍎 (12 decks)

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