Reactions of Acids Flashcards
What’s another name for a hydrogen ion?
A proton- has one proton and no electrons
Why is another name for an acid??
A proton donor- the hydrogen is transferred
Why is HCl gas not an acid but HCL in water an acid?
In water, HCL has ions that are free to move, so the proton (H+ ion) can be moved
What is made when a metal oxide and acid react?
Water + salt
What is made in the reaction between a metal carbonate and acid
Water+ carbon dioxide + metal salt
What is made in the reaction between a metal hydroxide and an acid
Water + hydrogen gas + metal salt
What is the difference between a strong and weak acid??
A strong acid fully ionises (releases all H+ions) whereas a weak acid isn’t fully ionising and not all H+ ions are released at once, the reaction is reversible for H+ ions
What’s the difference between a concentrated and dilute acid
Concentrated acid = high concentration of solute dissolved
Dilute acid= low concentration of dilute dissolved / lots of water with little solute
What is pH a measure of??
H+ concentration
High pH = low hydrogen ion concentration (alkali)
Low pH= high hydrogen ion concentration (acid)
Definition of a base??
A proton acceptor- the base is accepting a H+ ion eg
NH3+HCL—> NH4+ + Cl-
The ammonia atom becomes an ammonium ion as it accepts the proton/ H+ ion
What’s the definition of an alkali?
An alkali is a soluble vase that releasing OH- in aqueous solution
Definition of a salt??
A salt is formed when an acid has one or more of its hydrogen ions replaced by either a metal ion or ammonium ion
