Reactants and Products

Question 1

What are reactants?

Answer 1

Chemicals mixed to make a reaction occur

Question 2

What are products?

Answer 2

Substances made during a reaction

Question 3

Reactants –>

Answer 3

Products

Question 4

Acid + Base –>

Answer 4

Salt + Water

Neutralisation

Question 5

Acid + Active metal –>

Answer 5

Salt+ hydrogen (g)

Test: Use the pop test

Question 6

Acid+ metal carbonate –>

Answer 6

Salt+ Water+ Carbon Dioxide

Test: Use limewater. If it turns milky, then carbon dioixide is present.

Question 7

What are 5 evidences of a chemical reaction?

Answer 7

1) Bubbling (gas is given off)
2) Colour change
3) Temperature change (Reactants/ Products get hotter/ cooler)
4) Precipitate (solid) forms
5) Chemicals appear/ disappear

Question 8

What is the conservation of mass?

Answer 8

Chemicals are not created or destroyed during a chemical reaction.

Question 9

If the mass of the product has decreased in a chemical reaction then…?

Answer 9

Gas has been given off

Question 10

If the mass of the product has increased during a chemical reaction then…?

Answer 10

Gas has joined with the reactant

Question 11

What are the two things a material needs to burn?

Answer 11

1) a fuel (combustible material)

2) Oxygen

Question 12

What must you do to a fuel before it will ignite?

Answer 12

You must heat the fuel to its combustion temperature before it will ignite, producing large amounts of heat, light and energy (magnesium).

Question 13

What gas is produced when a material burns?

Answer 13

Carbon dioxide

Test: Limewater test. If the limewater turns milky, then carbon dioxide is present.

Question 14

What is the corrosion of iron called?

Answer 14

Rusting

Question 15

What two things are needed for a metal to corrode?

Answer 15

Water and oxygen (forms a metal oxide)

Question 16

Name 5 methods used to reduce corrosion.

Answer 16

Galvanising
Oiling
Grease
Paint
Sacrifical anodes (highly active metals)

Question 17

What are indicators used for?

Answer 17

To tell if a substance is an acid, base or neutral

Question 18

What are some common indicators and what do acids and bases turn when they are used?

Answer 18

Litmus Paper
- Acid turns blue litmus paper pink
- Base turns pink litmus paper blue
Universal Indicator (UI)
- Acids turn red/ yellow/ orange
Bases turn blue/ violet

Question 19

What are 7 facts about acids?

Answer 19

1) Contains the element hydrogen
2) Has a sour taste
3) Are corrosive liquids (substance that will destroy and damage other substances, are strong)
4) Effects the colour of indicators
5) Are neutralized by bases (green)
6) Reacts with metal to form a salt and hydrogen gas
7) Reacts with metal carbonates to form salt, water and carbon dioxide gas

Question 20

Name 3 common acids

Answer 20

• Sulfuric acid (Hydrogen sulfate) H2SO4
• Hydrochloric acid (Hydrogen chloride) HCI
• Nitric acid (Hydrogen nitrate) HNO3

Question 21

Neutralisation occurs when…

Answer 21

An acid and a base joins to produce salt and water

Acid + base –> salt + water

Question 22

How can neutralisation be checked?

Answer 22

By using chemical indicators such as an universal indicator, which goes green in neutral liquids.

Question 23

What is a pH scale used to measure?

Answer 23

The strength of acids and bases

Question 24

Draw the pH scale

Answer 24

Refer to revision booklet :D

Question 25

How are salts formed?

Answer 25

When a acid joins with a:

• base
• active metal (react strongly and quickly with other elements)
• metal carbonate (compound containing metal, carbon and oxygen)

Question 26

What is solubility?

Answer 26

Measure of how easily a substance dissolves in water.

Question 27

What is a solute? Give an example.

Answer 27

A solute is a substance that dissolves in a solvent, e.g. salt

Question 28

What is a solvent? Give an example.

Answer 28

A solvent is a substance that does the dissolving when a solute and solvent are combined, e.g. water.

Question 29

What is a solution?

Answer 29

A solution is a mixture. It occurs when liquid dissolves in another substance (doesn;t have to be a solid substance).