Chemical Changes Flashcards
Draw the chemistry tree
Refer to science book
What are elements? Give an example.
Pure substances containing ONE type of atom joined together, e.g. O2, H2
What can elements be seperated into?
Metals and non- metals
What is a chemical symbol? Give an example.
An abbreviation of an element’s name, e.g. Carbon (C), Oxygen (O) Sodium (Na).
What are compounds? Give an example.
Pure substances contaning two or more different elements joined together, e.g. CO2, H2O
Give examples of common compounds.
Water (H2O), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Hydrchloric acid (HCI), Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), Sodium chloride (NaCl)
What is the breaking down of compounds into simpler substances called? Give an example.
Decomposition
E.g. Water –> Hydrogen and oxygen (by electrolysis, broken down into checmials by electricity)
Who devised the periodic table?
Mendeleev
What does an element’s position on the periodic table indicate?
It’s chemical properties.
What is the group number and what does it indicate in an element?
The vertical columns of elements and it indicates the number of electrons in the outer electron shell, e.g. Group 2 has 2 outer shell electrons
What is the period and what does it indicate in an element?
The horizontal rows of elements and it indicated the number of electron shells, e.g. Period 3 has 3 shells of electrons.
Draw and label an atom diagram.
Refer to diagram
What is a proton?
A positively charged particle.
What is a neutron?
Particles with no electric charge.
What is a electron?
A negatively charged particle.
What is valency?
The joining power of an atom.
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in an atom.
What is the mass number?
The number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
What elements does Group 8 of the Periodic Table contain?
Noble gases (colourless, non-reactive gases), e.g. neon, argon.
What elements does Group 7 of the Periodic Table contain?
Halogens (reactive, non- metallic elements), e.g. flourine, chlorine.
Name some transition metals.
Copper, zinc (commonly used metal elements)
Atroms always have equal numbers of… and….
electrons, protons
How many electrons can the
- 1st shell fit?
- 2nd shell?
- 3rd shell?
- 4th shell?
1st shell fits 2 electrons
2nd shell fits 8 electrons
3rd shell fits 8 electrons
4th shell fits -2 electrons
What is an ion?
A particle with an electrical charge.
When atoms gain or lose electrons, they are called IONS.
Name the first 20 elements on the Periodic Table.
Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Neon, Sodium, Magnesiu,, Aluminium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Chlorine, Argon, Potassium, Calcium
Give the chemical symbol for the first 20 elements.
H, He, Li, Be, B, C, N, O, Fl, Ne, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar, K, Ca
What is the chemical symbol for Iron?
Fe
What is the chemical symbol for Mercury?
Hg
What is the chemical symbol for Copper?
Cu
What is the chemical symbol for Zinc?
Zn
What is the chemical symbol for Silver?
Ag
What is the chemical symbol for Tin?
Sn
What is the chemical symbol for Iodine?
I
What is the chemical symbol for Platinum?
Pt
What is the chemical symbol for Gold?
Au
What is the chemical symbol for Lead?
Pb
Draw the ‘Activity of Metals’ valency chart.
Refer to science book :D
What are radicals?
Groups of non- metals that behave as a single particle with a single valency.
What is the formula and valency for:
- Acetate
- Bicarbonate
- Cyanide
- Hydroxide
- Nitrate
- Carbonate
- Sulfate
- Phosphate
- Sulfite
- Chloride
- CH3COO, -1
- HCO3, -1
- CN, -1
- OH, -1
- NO3, -1
- CO3, -2
- SO4, -2
- PO4, -3
- SO3, -2
- Cl, -1
What is a cation?
Positive ion
What is a anion?
Negative ion
