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Reproduction > Reaching Puberty > Flashcards

Reaching Puberty Flashcards

1
Q

What is puberty?

A

Period where the animal acquire reproductive competence

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2
Q

Why do producers want the animal to reach puberty as soon as possible?

A

They want to minimize the cost of production

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3
Q

Average age of puberty in the following species

Alpaca

A

Male: 2

Female 1

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4
Q

Average age of puberty in the following species

Bovine

A

Male 11 months

Female 11 months

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5
Q

Average age of puberty in the following species

Camel

A

Male: 3-5yrs

Female: 3 yrs

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6
Q

Average age of puberty in the following species

Canine

A

Male 9 months

Female 12 months

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7
Q

Average age of puberty in the following species

Equine

A

Male 14 months

Female 18months

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8
Q

Average age of puberty in the following species

Feline

A

Male 9 months

Female 8 months

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9
Q

Average age of puberty in the following species

Llama

A

Male 2-3 yrs

Female 6-12 months

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10
Q

Average age of puberty in the following species

Ovine

A

Male and Femal 7 months

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11
Q

Average age of puberty in the following species

Porcine

A

Male 7 months

Female 6 months

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12
Q

What for things influence puberty?

A

Hormones

Genetic

Nutritional conditions

Environmental Conditions

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13
Q

Two Centeres in brain that influence puberty

A

Surge Center: Release a boost of GnRH

Tonic Center: Release Small amount of GnRH

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14
Q

What is GnRH?

A

Small decapeptide that causes the release of gonadotrophins FSH and LH from anterior lobe of the pituitary

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15
Q

Explain the influence of estradiol or testosterone on the surge center

A

Female fetal ovaries produce Estradiol which binds with a protein called - AlphaFP, this complex can not pass the BBB. Therefore surge center develops

Male Fetal testis produce testosterone, AlphaFP does not bind to Testosterone. Testosterone passes through BBB into brain and is converted to Estradiol by Aromatase. Surge center does not develop due to presence of estradiol

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16
Q

What occurs with increased amounts of GnRH?

A

Increased amount of gonadotrophin hormones

17
Q

What occurs in females that does not occur in males with regards to release of LH

A

Surge of LH occurs in females because they have a surge center

18
Q

Why do we want low levels of GnRH prepuberty?

A

GnRH triggers for estrus cycle to begin. We dont want ovaries to enter estrus cycle

19
Q

With regards to estradiol, what occurs in the brain at puberty?

A

Negative sensitivity to estradiol is reduced and a higher release of GnRH is observed

20
Q

Explain the experiment used to show the importance of internal energy

A

Add deoxyglucose which ends glycolysis thus resulting in a lack of energy. By doing this we see a decrease of LH production. This is because we need energy to produce GnRH which is required to release LH

21
Q

General discription of the effect of nutrition on puberty

A

Over feeding can cause an early onset of puberty

Underfeeding can delay puberty

22
Q

What is the influence of season on puberty?

A

Length of Light triggers or halts onset of puberty

Spring birth results in a shorter prepuberty phase

23
Q

Two types of environmental influence

A

Seasonal

Visual and Olfactive

24
Q

Explain influence of visual and olfactive cues

A
  1. Decrease number of females in a pin increase prepubertal period
  2. Introduce male no physical contact shorten prepubertal period
  3. Introduce male with physical contact, shorten prepubertal period, however, not more so than no physcial contact
25
Q

When does the first discharge of LH appear in a bull?

A

Around 4 weeks and the next ones are at irregular interval (25hrs)

26
Q

What occurs to the discharge of LH in bull at 8 weeks?

A

Interval shorten from 25 hrs to 6hrs

27
Q

What is the role of FSH in prepuberty?

A

Insures that leydig cells do not multipy

28
Q

What affect does LH have on FSH

A

Causes reduction of FSH - Leydig can multiply and produce testosterone

Reproduction (16 decks)

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