rbc disorders Flashcards
what are the INSUFFICIENT erythropoiesis
a. ida
b. sarcoidosis
c. sideroblastic anemia
d. anemie due to renal disease
in S ufficient erythropoiesis
> ISA3<
I - IDA S- SARCOIDOSIS A - ANEMIA DUE TO RENAL DISEASE - ACUTE LEUKEMIA - APLASTIC ANEMIA
INEFFECTIVE ERYTHROPOIESIS, EXCEPT:
a. megaloblastic anemia
b. thalassemia
c. sarcoidosis
d. myelopthsic syndrome
ineffective erythopoiesis
> mt sm<
m- megaloblastic anemia
t- thalassemia
s- SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA
m - myelopthsic syndrome
what are the initial lab test to be done in diagnosing anemia
a. cbc
b. reticulocyte
c. bone marrow
d. pbs
initial test for diagnosing anemia
cbc
reticulocytes
pbs
what are the three major pathophysiological cause of anemia
a. blood loss, insuficient erythropoiesis, acanthocytes
b. blood loss, impaired red blood cell production, accelerated red cell destruction
c. blood loss, impaired rbc production
three pathophysiological cause of anemia
> BIA<
b - BLOOD LOSS
I - INPAIRED RED BLOOD CELL PRODUCTION
A - ACCELERATED RED CELL DESTRUCTION
anemia caused by DECREASED PRODUCTION OF RBCs
a. insufficient and ineffective erythropoiesis
b. bone marrow failure and impairement of erythroid development
c. intrinsic rbc abnormlaity, extrinsic rbc abnormality and blood loss
Anemia cause by DECREASED PRODUCTION of RBCs
- Bone Marrow Failure
- impairement of erythroid development
bone marrow failure, except:
a. myelopthsic anemia
b. megaloblastic anemia
c. aplastic anemia
d. pure red cell aplasia
ans: MEGALOBLASTIC ANMEIA
bone marrow failure
>MAP<
M - MYELOPTHSIC ANEMIA
A - acquired and congenital APLASTIC ANEMIA
P- PURE RED CELL APLASIA
its is impairment of erythroid development that is due to hemoglobin synthesis
a. megaloblastic anemia
b. thalassemia
c. anemia due to renal disease
ans: thalassemia
mpairment of erythroid development:
- due to Hemoglobin synthesis
> H(gb)ITS Aci
I - IDA
T- THALASSEMIA
S- SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA
Aci - ACUTE CHRONIC INFAMMATION
its is impairment of erythroid development that is due to hemoglobin synthesis
a. sideroblastic anemia
b. anemia due renal disease
c. megaloblastic anemia
impairment of erythroid development:
- due to Hemoglobin synthesis
> H(gb)ITS Aci
I - IDA
T- THALASSEMIA
S- SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA
Aci - ACUTE CHRONIC INFAMMATION
impairment of erythroid development that is due to DNA synthesis
a, thalassemia
b. sideroblastic anemia
c. megaloblastic anemia
due to DNA synthesis
- megaloblastic anemia
impairment of erythroid development due to production of epo
a, thalassemia
b. sideroblastic anemia
c. anemia caused by renal disease
decreased due to the production of EPO
- anemia caused by renal disease
increased rbc loss:
which of the following is not intrinsic membrane defect:
a. sideroblastic spherocytosis
b. sideroblastic elliptocytosis
c. paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
d. paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
ans: paroxysmal COLD hemalobinuria
intrinsic rbc abnormality : MEMBRANE DEFECT
a. sideroblastic spherocytosis
b. sideroblastic elliptocytosis / Pyropoikilocytosis
d. paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
intrinsic rbc abnormality
a. membrane and enzymatic defect
b. immune and non immune
c. blood loss
intrinsic rbc abnormality : membrane and enzyme defect
extrinsic rbc abnormality : immune and non immune causes
blood loss : acute and chronic blood loss anemia
increased rbc loss:
what are the extrinsic abnormality : immune defect
a. paroxysmal cold hemaglobinuria
b. paroxysmal nocturnal hemaglobinuria
c. htr
d. hdn
e. warm type autoimmune hemolytic anemia
extrinsic rbc abnormality : immune causes:
- warm type autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- cold agglutinin disease
- paroxysmal COLD hemaglobinuria
- htr
- hdn
extrinsic rbc abnormality
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (TTP, HUS, HELLP, DIC)
a. immune cause
b. non immune cause
non immune cause
alcoholism
a. microcytic
b. normocytic
c. macrocytic
macrocytic - non megaloblastic anemia —–>
chronic LIVER DISEASE]
ALCOHOLISM
APLASTIC ANEMIA
HBE DISEASE
a. microcytic
b. normocytic
c. macrocytic
microcytic —- TAILS CHe
T - THALASSEMIA A - ANEMIA OF CHRONIC INFAMMATION I - IDA L - LEAD POISONING S - SIDEROBLASTIC ANEMIA
C -CHRONIC BLOOD LOSS
He - HEMOGLOBIN E DISEASE
after MCV then the result is normal what test to be next?
a. iron studies
b. reticulocytes
c. pbs
reticulocytes
iron studies is for MICROCYTIC
MYELODysPLASIA
A. microcytic
b. normocytic
c. macroytoc
macrocytic - megaloblastic —–
vitamin b12 deficiency folate deficiency myelodysplasia erytholeukemia some drugs
most common form of anemia
a. iron deficiency anemia
b. anemia of chronic infammation
c. anemia due to lead poisoning
iron deficiency anemia
iron compartments in normal human
which of the following are the storage compartment
a. ferritin
b. myoglobin
c. transferrin
FUNCTIONAL compartment
- myoglobin
- hemoglobin
- peroxidase , catalase, cytochromes, riboflavin
STORAGE compartment IRON
- ferritin
- hemosiderin
TRANSPORT
1. transferrin
decreased: hgb , serum iron, tibc, ferritin
a. storage depletion
b. transport depletion
c. functional depletion
FUNCTIONAL DEPLETION : decreased: hgb , serum iron, tibc, ferritin
NORMAL : hgb , serum iron, tibc,
DECREASED : ferritin
a. storage depletion
b. transport depletion
c. functional depletion
STORAGE DEPLETION
NORMAL : hgb. serum iron, tibc
decreased ; ferritin
it is microcytic , hypochromic anemia due to inability to use available iron for hgb production
a. ida
b. aci
c. sideroblastic anemia
anemia of chronic inflammation
it is a microcytic , hypochromic anemia that is caused by blocks in the protoporphyrin pathway resulting in defective hgb synthesis and iron overload
a. ida
b. aci
c. sideroblastic anemia
sideroblastic anemia - may nag block kaya di lumalabas yung iron/ may pumipigil
excess iron accumulates in the mitochondrial region of the immature rbc in the bm and encircles the nucleus; cells are called
a. ringed sideroblasts
b. ringed siderocytes
b. ringed spherocytes
ringed sideroblasta – immature rbc
ringed siderocytes —- MATURE RBC
what enzyme does anemia due to lead poisoning inhibits?
a. pyruvate kinase
b. g6pd
c. ferrochelatase
ferrochelatase and d - ala synthase enzyme in heme/ protoporphyrin pathway
chronic exposure to lead what anemia can be seen?
a. normocytic and normochromic
b. microcytic and hypochromic
anemia, when present exposure to lead – normo, normo ,, HOWEVER, WITH CHRONIC EXPOSURE ITS MICROCYTIC AND HYPOCHROMIC
