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LC Music > Raymond Deane Seachanges > Flashcards

Raymond Deane Seachanges Flashcards

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1
Q

Give features of 20th century art music in general

A

Diversity of approaches- impossible to determine a single style
Atonality - use of dissonance shows no key
Irregular rhythms, changing time signatures, tempi
Unusual instruments and performing techniques- subtraction
Use of non western instruments
No form

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2
Q

Give features of Deane’s style

A

Uses small musical idea(motif)- GAC seagull theme
Ideas are built up to be distorted and systematically dismantled
Order verses disorder
Binary opposition heard at same time. - ex: black vs white notes or tonal vs atonal
Borrowed use of musical quotations
Atonality/tonal anchors

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3
Q

Why is the title seachanges- title of work background

A

Metaphor of Deane’s compositional approach comes from Shakespeare The tempest- Character suffered a seachange, something negative ie. death and body after death into a positive- negation
ea serves as a link to Ireland and mexico whose cutures both inspire the music
Changing natue of the sea is reflected in changing tempi.

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4
Q

Explain how negation is seen throughout Seachanges

A

through us of: Interference and distortion, Instruments abandoning their natural sound, principle of numerical progression of subtraction, addition and use of prime numbers

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5
Q

How is the philosophy illustrated in the piece- describe what imagery is included to represent death

A

Dies Irae, Danse Macabre, Influence of the ‘grotesque and gaudy morbidity characteristic of Mexican iconography’

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6
Q

Name the ethnic instruments in the work

A 
Crotales
Maracas
Rainstick
Marimba
Guiro
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7
Q

What si the instrumentation of the work

A

Piccolo and Flute in G
Piano
Violin and Cello
Percusion: Crotales, Maracas, Rainstick, Marimba, Guiro, Gong, Tambourine

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8
Q

What is the form of the piece and explain

A

sort of Rondo form- When a primary idea is represented between many various ideas

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9
Q

What is the overall structure of the piece- include form letters

A 
Intro- Seagull theme
A- Seagull theme GAC
B Danse Macabre
A1- Seagull theme aug
C- Die Irae
A2- Seagull theme GAbBb
Coda- (B1+C1) Dies Irae and Danse Macabre
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10
Q

What are the pedal points/ anchors throughout the piece

A 
Intro-G
Section A- G
Section B- Atonal
Section A1- D
Section C- Atonal
Section A2- Eb
Coda- C then A
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11
Q

What is significant about the pedal point/anchor notes

A

Largely based on the four open strings of the cello

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12
Q

Give examples of order and disorder in the piece

A

Note Ab in Bar 15 acts as virus and quickly permeates taking over piece
Four semiquaver rhythms take over from bar 28

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13
Q

Give an example of permutation in the piece

A

Bar 25- flute and marimba the intervals created by the three note cell are permutated
Section C- Dies Irae Quotation

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14
Q

Give six ways in which the melody is transformed- Compositional techniques

A 
Augmentation
Diminution
Inverse
Retrograde
Canon(in dies irae)
Transposition
subtraction addition
transposition
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15
Q

Why does music change time signature

A

To give a sense of freedom like that of the sea- suggests continual change of sea

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16
Q

What are the two tempos used in the piece alternatively

A 
crochet= 80
crochet= 120
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17
Q

What is the danse macambre rhythm and time signature

A

7/4

three pairs of quavers, four semiquavers, two pairs of quavers, four semiquavers

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18
Q

What is organum and what is it’s effect

A

Harmonising in fifths- reminiscent of medieval music

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19
Q

What is the first pitch heard in seachanges?

A

Ab

20
Q

Name seven instrumental techniques seen in this piece

A 
Sul ponticello
col legno
harmonics
tremolo
strumming
flutter tonging
chord clusters
glissando
21
Q

What elements of the music are influenced by mexico

A

Strumming on strings - reminiscent of mariachi band
Harmonics - high register- reminiscent of heat or light
Danse Macabre- 7/4 danse of death, reflects gaudy mexican icons, dancing skeletons
Mexican instruments used
Maracas - Monotone sound reflecting death

22
Q

Features of intro

A

high register and harmonics
tremolos
Three note cell

23
Q

Section A1 features

A

Seagull theme played 3 times
1 - cello inversion and subtraction with warping gliss on vln
2 - violin original subtractiona & cello inversion subtraction
3 - piccolo inversion and subtraction, marimba original and subtraction - left hand piano warped inverison subtraction
four semiquavers introduced to break it down

24
Q

Danse macabre features

A

strings play in 5ths double stopping
warping and strumming, sul pont strings
piano chord clusters
everyone moves to extreme registers and incorporates silence with high registers to create disorder
Includes seagull theme on piano octaves RH original vs LH inverson

25
Q

Section A2 Features

A

Seagull theme played twice
1 - vln augmented original subtraction with cello augmented inversion subtraction with piano sustained chords and flute countermelody
2 - piano RH 8ve inversion LH original in sibtraction
Violin and VC play theme warped and subtraction cello on inversion

26
Q

Section C features

A

Marimba and violin canon 1 bar apart
poking fun at death with - retrograde, permutation, inversion, fragmentation
Guiro uses prime numbers
vln and cello organum
chord clusters piano with high register piccolo
triplets begin to break it down

27
Q

Section A3 -

A

Features seagull theme played augmented on flute warped and subtracted and on piano with addition
Marimba played GAC chords - diminution
triplets sul pont on cello

28
Q

Section B1 C1

A

VLn & Cello use C major chord in Danse rhythm
piano and marimba chord clusters
flute flutter tonguing with countermelody
strings strumming of danse rhythm, warped and gliss
constant semiquavers repeated on As at the end with marimba last
all take maraca play danse rhythm with dissiliusionate ending as music fades away

29
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs augmentation

A

Doubling of note values of melody ex: main theme section A1

30
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs Diminution

A

Halving of note values of melody ex: main theme section A2

31
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs subrtraction

A

Reducing the melody by one note each time it is heard ex: 654321 ex: main theme

32
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs addition

A

Addition of a note each time the melody is heard ex:123456 ex: main theme section A2

33
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs canon

A

Repetition of a melody directly after itself a certain time distance an/or pitch apart ex: Dies Irae Section C

34
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs permutation

A

Changing the order of the notes Ex: Dies Irae melody

35
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs retrograde

A

Melody played backwards ex: Dies Irae Melody

36
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs inversion

A

Melody played upside down ex: Main theme section A

37
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs sul ponitcello

A

Play across the bridge of a string instrument ex: Danse Macabre section B

38
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs sul tasto

A

Play across the fingerboard of a string instrument ex: Danse Macabre section B

39
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs flutter tonguing

A

Rolled r playing of a note like a tremoring on a flute ex: accompaniment to the main theme section A2

40
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs strumming

A

Play string instrument like a guitar ex: Danse Macabre

41
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs glissando

A

Sliding up or down between notes ex: main theme accomp section A

42
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs cluster chords

A

Series of unrelated notes together played in a group at once ex: Danse Macabre

43
Q

Explain with an example of where it occurs organum

A

Harmonising in fifths to be reminiscent of medieval music ex: Dies Irae

44
Q

Is the piece tonal or atonal? why three reasons

A

Doesnt begin or end in a single key
Danse macabre is completely atonal
Several different tonal anchors which ground certain arts in a key. Based off four open cello strings

45
Q

This piece represents death and disintegration – three reasons how?

A

Danse macabre - dace of death is sued reflecting skeletons dancing exploring death with mexican influence
Idea of order to disorder and negation reflect how disintegration of body can suffer a sea-change and become a positive in setting of sea ex: tempest bones became coral
Dies Irae mass for the dead Deane pokes fun at death through his treatment of the melody, permutation, inversion

46
Q

Explain order versus disorder in this piece

A

Presents ideas to be systematically dismantled. As soon as there is a consistent theme and order he introduced a dissonant idea to break down the piece until the disorder became the new order. ex: four semiquavers in section A permeate the section introducing the danse macabre rhythm

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