History of Music Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Medieval period of music

A

10th to 14th century

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2
Q

When was Renaissance period of music

A

15th - 16th century

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3
Q

When was Baroque era of music

A

1600- 1750

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4
Q

When was Classical era of music

A

1750- 1822

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5
Q

When was Romantic era of music

A

1820’s- 1890’s

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6
Q

When was Contemporary era of music

A

1890’s onwards

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7
Q

When did Modern or popular era start

A

1930’s onwards

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8
Q

Give some features of medieval and renaissance music

A

Plain-chant, Was the first notated music. Featured organum (harmony in 5th an 8ves which Monks sang in)

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9
Q

Explain Organum

A

(harmony in 5th an 8ves which Monks sang in)

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10
Q

What does the term baroque mean

A

‘oddly shaped pearl’

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11
Q

Name three composers of the era

A

J.S.Bach
Handel
Scarlatti

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12
Q

Give some features of Baroque music

A

Music was extremely decorative
Continuo was the harpsichord or the organ with cello
Figured Bass
Keyboard instruments organ and harpsichord
Woodwind and Strings
Polyphonic

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13
Q

Give two examples of compositions from the baroque era

A

J.S Bach - Brandenburg Concerto

Handel - Messiah

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14
Q

Give two examples of compositions from the Classical era

A

Mozart-Magic Flute, Rondo Alla Turca

Beethoven-Moonlight Sonata

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15
Q

When was piano invented and by whom

A

1755 by B.Cristofori

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16
Q

Give features of classical music

A

Melodies are less decorative
Homophonic texture
Strings and Woodwind are the typical orchestra
Piano replaces organ and harpsichord

17
Q

Name three composers of the classical era

A

Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven

18
Q

What does Classical with capital c mean

A

Classical refers to the art music composed roughly between 1750s and the early 1820s. Reflects an elegant melody line.

19
Q

Give two examples of romantic music

A

Greig - In the Hall of the Mountain King

Tchaikovsky - Swan Lake

20
Q

Explain Programme music

A

Music composed to represent emotion/story/nature/idea

21
Q

Give any additions/improvements to the orchestra during the romantic era

A

Percussion family introduced and used
Brass family we know today was created with valve system. Used more prominently in orchestra.
Harp introduced to strings- Berlioz 1833

22
Q

Give some features of Romantic music

A

Nationalism and love themes
Technical ability of instruments - more dynamics and solos
Additions to orchestra
Connecting themes - ‘leit motif’ / ‘idee fixe’
Programme music
Homophonic and polyphonic
modulation to chromatic keys (emotion/story)

23
Q

Name three contemporary composers and what they were known for

A

Schoenberg - 12 tones ‘serialism’
Stephen Reich - Rhythms
John Cage - Silence

24
Q

Give some features of Contemporary music

A

Stretching boundaries of chromatisism and modulation
Rules of tonality were abandoned (freedom)
No form
Not functional - not written for a reason
Instruments not played in a traditional way.

25
Q

What are the names Wagner and Berlioz gave connecting themes

A

‘leit motif’

‘idee fixe’