Rash

Question 1

Key factors to determine in child rashes

Answer 1

Is it Non-blanching?

Is it Kawasaki disease?

Question 2

Causes of rash in children

Answer 2

Atopic eczema
Seborrheic dermatitis
Infection
Nappy rash
Urticaria
Vasculitis - Kawasaki

Question 3

Distributions of atopic eczema in infants

Answer 3

Face and neck

Question 4

Distributions of atopic eczema in children

Answer 4

Young: extensor
Old: flexor

Question 5

Infective rashes

Answer 5

Systemic - eg. viral exanthem

Local - eg impetigo, scabies

Question 6

Impetigo

Answer 6

Staph

Golden crust

Question 7

Purpura and petechiae

Answer 7

Non-blanching rash

Can be normal with coughing/vomiting

Question 8

Causes of purpura and petechiae

Answer 8

Vascular
Thrombocytopenia
Platelet dysfunction
Coagulopathy

Question 9

Vascular causes of purpura and petechiae

Answer 9

Trauma
Vomiting
HSP
Meningococcal sepsis

Question 10

HSP

Answer 10

Post viral
Vasculitis - joint pain, abdo pain, (buttock) rash
Self limiting

Question 11

Ix for HSP

Answer 11

BP
Urine dip

Check for renal damage

Question 12

Causes of thrombocytopenia

Answer 12

ITP
DIC
Leukaemia

Question 13

Causes of platelet dysfunction

Answer 13

NSAIDs
Von Willebrand
Uraemia

Question 14

Viral exanthem

Answer 14

Widespread maculopapular rash
Common with viral illness
Appears abruptly

Question 15

Viral illnesses causing maculopapular rash

Answer 15

Measles - supportive Rx
Rubella - enanthem
Roseola infantum - rash only
Slapped cheek disease - parvovirus B19

Question 16

Enanthem

Answer 16

Petichiae on hard palate

Question 17

Description of maculopapular rash

Answer 17

Flat to skin

Question 18

Complications of chicken pox

Answer 18

Blindness - corneal ulcers

Immunocompromised pts with household contacts given ZIG

Question 19

ZIG

Answer 19

Varicella Zoster Immunoglobulin

Question 20

Scalded skin syndrome

Answer 20

Staph infection

Question 21

Molluscum contagiosum

Answer 21

Pink punched out papules

Question 22

Erythema multiforme

Answer 22

Target lesions

Question 23

Associations of erythema multiforme

Answer 23

Herpes simplex
Mycoplasma infection
Cotrimoxazole

Question 24

Post viral idiopathic thrombocytopenia

Answer 24

Apparently its common

Question 25

Scarlet fever

Answer 25

GAS
Rash ~2 days post fever
Strawberry tongue

Question 26

Kawasaki disease

Answer 26

Commonly < 5 yrs
Can cause coronary aneurysms
Mx: IV Ig + aspirin

Question 27

Criteria for Kawasaki disease

Answer 27

Fever > 38 for 5 day + 3 out of 5 of:

1) Red mucus membranes
2) Non purulent conjunctivitis
3) Lymphadenopathy
4) Red rash
5) Extremity changes

Question 28

Never use aspirin in children….why?

Answer 28

Reye’s syndrome

Aspirin only used in Kawasaki

Question 29

Reye’s syndrome

Answer 29

Hepatic encephalopathy

Question 30

Significance of rash in SVC distribution

Answer 30

nothing

probably due to coughing

Question 31

Slapped cheek

Answer 31

5th disease

Erythema infectiosum

Question 32

Measles

Answer 32

Irritable
Conjuctivitis
Fever
Koplik spots
Rash

Question 33

Measles rash

Answer 33

Starts behind ears

Spreads

Question 34

Koplik spots

Answer 34

White spots on buccal mucosa
“grain of salt”

Measles by the way

Question 35

Coxsackie A16 virus

Answer 35

Hand, foot and mouth disease

Question 36

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangectasia

Answer 36

bleed in nose also GI

Question 37

Louis-bar syndrome

Answer 37

Bleeding + ataxia + neurological deficit

Presents early childhood

Question 38

Roseola infantum pathogen

Answer 38

Human Herpes 6

Question 39

Roseola infantum sx

Answer 39

3-5 days fever

As fever fades, rash on chest, then spreading to limbs

Question 40

Kaposi Sarcoma pathogen

Answer 40

Human herpes 8

Question 41

Who gets kaposi sarcoma

Answer 41

HIV/AIDS patients

Question 42

rx for strawberry naevi

Answer 42

observe 3 mo
oral b blocker
topical b blocker

Question 43

Cause of 5th disease

Answer 43

parvovirus B19