rapid fire facts 2 Flashcards
1
Q
msot common surgical emergency
A
appendicitis
2
Q
severe RLQ pain w rebound tenderness
A
mcburney’s point
3
Q
GI hamartomas, hyperpigmentation of mouth and hands, ,
A
puetz-jager synd
4
Q
multiple colon polyps, osteomasm st tumors
A
Gardner synd
5
Q
“apple core” lesion on barium eenema
A
colon CA
6
Q
mc site colonic diverticula
A
sigmoid colon
7
Q
string sign on contrast x ray
A
chrons dis
8
Q
lead pipe appearance of colon contrast x ray
A
ulcerative colitis
9
Q
painless jaundice
A
pancreatic adenocarcinoma
10
Q
mc cause acute pancreatitis
A
gallstones and alch
11
Q
mc cause chronic pancreatitis
A
alch
12
Q
severe hyperbilirubinemia in a neonate
A
crigler najjar t1
13
Q
mild, benign hyperbilirubinemia
A
gilbers synd
14
Q
triglyceride accumulation in hepatocytes
A
fatty liver dis
15
Q
eos inclusions in cytoplasm of hepatocytes
A
MAllory bodies in alch hepatitis
16
Q
CA closely linked to cirrhosis
A
hepatocellular carcinoma
17
Q
hepatomegaly, abd pain, ascites
A
bud-chiari synd
18
Q
green, yellow corneal deposits
A
wilsons dis: keiser flischer dis
19
Q
low serum ceruplasmin
A
wilsons dis
20
Q
cirrhosis, diab, hyperpigment
A
hemochromatosis
21
Q
elevated D dimer
A
PE, DVT
22
Q
hypercoagubility, endothelial damage, stasis of blood
A
virchows triad
23
Q
blue bloater
A
hypoxemia, hypercapnea (chronic bronchitis)
24
Q
pink puffer
A
dyspnea, hyperventilation (emphysema)
25
curschmann spirals
shed epithlium form mucus plugs (asthma)
26
b/l hilar adenopathy, uveitis
sarcoidosis
27
antiglomerular BM antibodies
goodpasture synd
28
honeycombing lung on CT
idiopathic pulm fibrosis
29
tennis racket shaped cytopalsmic organelles
birbeck granules in pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis
30
iron-containing nodules in the alveolar septum
ferruginous bodies (asbestosis)
31
lung CA assoc w SIADH
small cell lung CA (secrete ADH)
32
tumor assoc w horners synd
pancoast lung tumor
33
lung CA assoc w hyper Ca
squamous cell lung CA
34
lung CA assoc w cusings synd
small cell lung CA (secrete ACTH)
35
lung CA assoc w weakness
small cell lung CA (Lambort Eaton: abs to presynap Ca channel))
36
substances assoc w lung CA
smoking, radon, asbestos
37
CP, pericardial frictior rub, persistant fever occurring several weeks after an MI
dressler synd
38
splinter hems under fingernails
infective endocarditis
39
retinal hems w pale centers
roth spots - infective endocarditis
40
heart valve most commonly involved in infective endocarditis
mitral valve
41
heart valve most commonly involved in an IV drug user w infective endocarditis
tricuspid valve
42
c-anca
granulomatosis w polyangitis (wegners)
43
p-anca
churgg strauss and microscopic polyangitis
44
tx for thromboangiitis obliterans
stop smokinggggg!!!
45
tx for giant cell arteritis
steroids
46
boy w self-mutilating behaior, intellec disability, gout
lesh-nyhann synd
47
orotic acid in urine + elevated serum ammonia
ornithine transferase deficiency
48
orotic acid in urine + nml serum ammonia
orotic adicuria
49
megaloblastic anemia that does not improve w folate and B12
orotic adicuria
50
mc calss of medication for bulemia nervosa
SSRI: fluoxetine
51
mc med for ADHD
methylphenidate
52
medical tx for alch withdrawal
benzos
53
atrophy of mamillary bodies
wernickes encephalopathy
54
tx central DI
desmopresssin
55
tx nephrogenic DI
HCTZ, indomethicin, amiloride
56
tx Li-induced nephrogenic DI
amiloride
57
bluish colored lines on the gingivae
Burtons lines (lead poison)
58
tx for rickets or osteomalacia
vit d
59
swollen gums, poor wound healing, bleeding mucous mems, spots on skin
vit c deficiency
60
mc vit deficinecy in the US
folate def
61
hypersegmented nfs
megaloblastic anemia
62
dialted cariomyopathy, edema, polyneuropathy
wet beri beri (b1 def)
63
inability to breastfeed, amenorrhea, cold intolerance
sheehan synd
64
infertility, glaactorrhea, bitemporal hemianopia
prolactinoma
65
mc cause primary hyperaldosteronism
b/l adrenal hyperplasia
66
mecical tx fro hyper aldosteronism
spironolactone/epelerenone
67
adrenal dis assoc w skin hyperpirmentation
addisons dis (primary adrenal insuff)
68
HTN, hypokalemia, metablic alkalosis
Conn synd (hyperaldosteronism)
69
mc tumor of adrenal gland
benign, non-fct adrenal adenoma
70
mc tumor adrenal medulla in adults
pheo
71
mc tumor arenal medulla in kids
neuroblastoma
72
medical tx for pheochromocytoma
a blocker: phenoxybenzamine
73
pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid CA, hyper parathyroidism
MEN2A
74
pheochromocytoma, medullary thyroid CA, mucosal neuromas
MEN2B
75
mc thyroid CA
papillary thyroid CA
76
enlarged thyroid cells w ground-glass nuclei
papillary thyroid CA
77
most likely electrolyte abn w perioral tingling, perioral parestheisas, recerrent thyroidectomy
hypocalcemia
78
mc cause hypercalcemia
primary hyperparathyroidism
79
mc cause primary hyperparathyroidism
parathyroid adenoma
80
mc cause secondary hyperparathyroidism
chrronic renal failure
81
mc cause hypoparathyroidism
accidenta parathyroidectomy
82
facial m spasm when tappin on cheek
chvostek sign
83
parathyroid, panc, pituitary tumors
MEN1
84
preferred anticoag for immediate anticoag
heparin or LMWH
85
preferred anticoag for long term anticoag
warfarin
86
perferred anticoag during preg
heparin or LMWH
87
ccauses of hypochromic, microcytic anemia
iron deficiency, thalassemia, lead poisonong, anemia of chronic dis
88
skull xray: "hair on end" appearance
B thalassemia, SCD
89
basophilic stippling of RBCs
lead poisoning
90
cold temps --> painful cyanosis of the fingers and toes w hemolytic anemia
cold AI hemolytic anemia
91
red urine in the morning and fragile RBCs
parosysmal nocturmna hemoglobinuria
92
basophilic nuclear remnants in RBC
howell-jolly bodies
93
autosplenectomy
SCD
94
drug used to tx SCD
hydroxyurea
95
antiplatlet antibodies
immune thrombocytopenia
96
bleeding disprder w ti gp1b deficiency
bernard-soulier dis
97
mc inherited bleeding disorder
vonWillibrand dis
98
CA most assoc w a noninfectious fever
hodgkin lymphoma
99
sheets of lympohid cells, starry sky appearance
burkitts lymphoma
100
large b cells w bilobed nuclei and prominent owls eye inclusions
hodgkins lymphoma
101
smudge cells
CLL
102
reddish-pink rods in the cytoplasam of leukemic blasts
auer rods (AML)
103
dark purple lesions on skin in HIV pt
kaposi sarcoma (HHV8)
104
temporal lobe encephalitis
HSV1
105
owls eye inclusion s in organ tissue
CMV
106
intranuclear eos droplets
type A cowdry bodies (HSV, VZV, CMV)
107
aplastic anemia in sickle cell pt
parvovirus
108
child w a fever and slapped cheed rash on the face that spreads to the body
parvovirus
109
fever, runny nose, cough, conjunctivitis, diffuse rash
measels (rubleola)
110
small, irregular blue-grey spots on buccal mucosa, surrounded by a base of red
kopik spots (measels - rubeola)
111
tx CMV
ganciclovir
112
mc opportunistic infxn HIV
PCP
113
drug used to prevent PCP
TMP-SMX
114
tx for oral candidiadisis
nystatin, flucomazole
115
tx systemc candidiasis
fluconazole (amphotericin B, echinocandin if immunocompromised)
116
tx sporothrix schenckii
irtaconazole, potassium iodide
117
ring enhancing brian lesions in HIV pt
tosoplasma gondii
118
tx trichomonas vaginalis
metronidazole
119
mc protozoal drh
giardia lambdia
