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4/5 star topics DIT 2 Flashcards

1
Q

koilocytes

A

condyloma accumulata

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2
Q

symp gonorrhea:

  • F
  • M
A

F

  • cervicitis
  • urethritis
  • PID

M

  • urethritis
  • mucupurulent discharge
  • epididimytis
  • disseminated - arth
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3
Q

chlamydia

  • f
  • m
A

f

  • cervicitis
  • urethritis
  • PID

M

  • urethritis
  • epiditymitis
  • prostatitis
  • conjunctivitis
  • reiters synd
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4
Q

pauluss genital ulser (bubos) –> painful inguinal LAD

A

lymphogranuloma vererum

  • chlamydia L1-L3
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5
Q

painful genital ulcers w erethymatous base

A

HSV

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6
Q

painful ulcer adn LAD

school of fish

A

chancroid by H ducreai

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7
Q

painless ulcer –> condyloma lata

A

syphilis

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8
Q

hardy weinbery eqns

A

p + q = 1

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

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9
Q

what are the dx symp of major depressive disorder

A

D SIG E CAPS

  • depressed mood
  • sleep alteration
  • interest lack
  • guilt
  • ene less
  • conc less
  • appetite change
  • psychomotor retardation
  • suicide

2wk duration! 5 of these!

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10
Q

Potter sequence

  • cause
  • s/s
A
  • oligohydramnios
  • Pulm hypoplasia
  • Oligohydramnios
  • Twisted face
  • Twisted skin (wrinkles)
  • Ext deformities
  • Rrenal agenesis
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11
Q

Howseshoe kidney

  • cause
  • what happens
  • assoc w
A
  • fusion of inf poles of kidney
  • stuck on IMA
  • turners
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12
Q

age:

  • roll over
  • hands together
  • laugh and squeal
A

3mo

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13
Q

age

  • sit up
  • transfer a cube from 1 hand to another
  • single syllables
  • self-feed
A

6mo

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14
Q

age

  • crawl
  • object perminence
  • stranger anxiety beginning
A

9mo

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15
Q

age

  • stand, walk
  • block into a cup
  • 1-3 words
  • drink from cup
  • starting to have separation anxiety
A

1yr

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16
Q

age

  • walk bkwd, run
  • build 2 cube tower
  • 6 words
  • use fork and spoon
A

15mo

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17
Q

age

  • climb stairs, kick balls
  • 4 cube tower
  • combine words
  • brush teeth with help
A

18mo

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18
Q

age

  • jump up
  • 6 cube tower
  • half understandable
  • wash/dr hands
  • form gender identity and potty traineinng
19
Q

age

  • jump fwd, ride tricycle
  • copy a ciccle
  • undestandable
  • pour cereal, brush teeth, dress, play board games
20
Q

age

  • hop 1 foot
  • copy a plus sign, draw stick figure
  • button clothes, magival thinking
21
Q

age

  • tie choes
  • copy square and triangle
  • identify colors, coins, count to 5
22
Q

age

  • logicla thinking (censequnces)
23
Q

calculating apgar score:

A

Appearance

pulse

grimace

activity

respirations

24
Q

describe the pathway from phenalalanine to epi and which enzs for diseases

25
PKU: * d/t * build up of * s/s * tx * what if preg mom who ignores their PKU
* def in phenylalanine hydroxylase or def in BH4 * bld up of phenylketones: * phenly-aceate * phenyl-lactate * phenyl-pyruvate * ss: * grth retard * MR * fair skin * eczema * musty body odor * tx * avoid phenylalanine (aspartamine, diary, meat, fish, chich=ken, eggs, beans, nuts) * add tyrosine to diet * add BH4 to diet * if mom ignore, then bby will have microcephaly, MR, grth retard, heart defects
26
vit D * 2 enzs req * mechanisms for deficiency * s/s defciency * tx for deficeincy * s/s tox
* 25-hydroxylase and 1 alpha hydroxylase * 4: * decreased vit d in diet * decrease25-hydroxylase * decrease 1 alpha hydroxylase * end organ insensitivity to vit d * rickets and osteomalacia: bone breakdown/tender, tooth probs * tx: vit d lol * tox: * incr Ca = stones, bones, groans, psych overtones * sarcoid = mfs increase pathway
27
vit K * use * how synth * neoborns\> * what causes def
* post translational modification protein C, S, CF 1972 * synth by intestinal flora * newborns sterile gut so give 1 IM injection * def via warfarin, phenytoin, antibiotics (wipe out flora)
28
vit A * uses * preg? * ss deficiency * ss tox
* acne, measels, AML (M3 type) * not use in preg! * def: * night blind * xeropthalmia * keratomalacia (wrinkle/cloud cornea) * bitot spots - dry plaques on bulbar conjunctiva * tox * HA * n/v * stupor * incr ICP * dry puritic skin * hepatomegaly * bone joint pain * alopecia
29
vit E * aka * what it does * def ss
* alpha-tocopherol * antioxidant * def * hemolytic anemia * spinocerebellar degen = ataxia * periperal neuropathy * peox m weak
30
vit C * aka * fct * ss def
* ascorbic acid * fcts * hydroxylation prolyly and lysys residues on collagen * DA b-carboxylase req it * antioxidant * facilitate iron transport in gut * def ss: scurvy! * sore spongy gums * loose teeth * fragile bvs * swollen joints * hemarthrosis * impaired wound healing * anemia
31
draw out the steroid synth pathway and what are the features of eafh CAH
32
s/s cushing synd
* striae * truncal obesity * moon face * acne * bufalo hump * easy bruise * peptic ulcer * glaucoma * DM * osteoporosis * immune suppression * psychosos/insomnia * thin skin * HTN * necrosis femoral head
33
tumor locations in: * MEN1 * MEN2A * MEN2B
* MEN1 * parathyroid adenoma * pituitary adenoma * panc tumor * gastrinoma * insulinoma * glucaconoma * VIPoma * MEN2A * medullary thyroid CA * pheo * parathyroid hyperplasia * MEN2B * medullary thyroid CA * pheo * ganglion neuromatosis (mucosal neuroma)
34
DKA * path * induced by * clinical present * complications * tx
* path * in T1DM * insulin def = body think starving so make ketones and glucagon * induced by * undx DM * missed insulin * trauma drugs/alch * present * polyuria, polydipsia, wt loss * dehyd * abd pain, n/v. * confusion, delirium * sweet breath * kusmals sign * metabolic acidosis * hyper glycemia (250) * serum and urine ketones * incr serum K but low total body K * complications * arrythmia (bc incr K and decr Mg * invasife fungus (mucor) * tx * ICU * fluids * insulin (mainly to inhib lipolysis) * K * Mg * monitor anion gap
35
HHS * path * present * tx
* path * have some insulin on board.. no ketoacidisos * extreme hyperglucemia (800) * and incr serum osm * present * confusion, delerium, coma * dehyd * n/v abd pain * tx * fluids * insulin * K * (noanion gap: monitor glucose)
36
warfarin * moa * uses * preg? * what happens first * reversal
* moa * inhibs epoxide reductase (which is responsible tof recycling vitK) * uses: chrronic anticoag: * afib * DVT prophylaxis * DVT tx * PE tx * preg? NO!! * bone and cartilage probs in epephyses; nasal hypoplasia * what happens first * transient hypercoag bc 1st efect is to elim protein C and S * reversal * oral/IV vit K; PCC; FFP
37
Immune thrombocytopenia: * whats wrong * labs * tx
* antibodies to gp2b/3a on plt surface * decr plt ct * steroids, IVIG, splenectomy
38
TTP * what wrong * present as
* excessive plt activation --\> widespread thrombosis * pentad: * renal insuff * hemolysis * thrombocytopenia * fever * neuro signs
39
HUS * how happen in kids * what see
* kids: E coli O157H7 * triad * renal insuff * hemolysis * thrombocytopenia
40
Bernard Soulier synd * whats wrong * labs
* defect in gp1b = plts cant bind to collagen --\> defect in plt plug formation * nml plt ct, incr bleeding time
41
Glanzman thrombastenia * whats srong * labs
* defect in gp2b/3a = decr aggertation * nml plt ct, incr bleeding time
42
vWd * waht wrong * labs * dx * tx
* defect vWf * incr PTT and bleeding time * dx: * vWf level * F8 deficiency * ristocetin cofactor assay = no agglutination * tx: DDAVP
43
DIC * whats wrong * labs * present * causes
* widespread activation of clotting --\> consume factors and plts * labs * decr plt * incr bleeding time * inct ptt, pt * decr fibrinogen * incr d-dimer * shistocytes * presnet as bleeding and multiorgan fialure * cuases * "STOP Making Thrombi * sepsis * trauma * Ob complications * pancreatitis * malig * transfusion

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