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BASIC > Random3 > Flashcards

Random3 Flashcards

1
Q

what two classes of meds SHORTEN NDMB

A 
anticonvulsants (phenytoin, carbamazepine)
cholinesterase inhibitors (neostigmine)
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2
Q

which beta blockers are non-specific?

A

after m

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3
Q

prophylaxis for dentist for heart patients

A

only consider procedures with gingival, bronch, skin manipulation

heart transpant with residual valvular abnormalities
previous IE
prosthetic valves

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4
Q

aspirin overdose symptoms

A

initially nonspecific - n/v/tinnitus

at first, hyperventilate -> stimulates medullary respiratory area. (resp alk) THEN metab acid

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5
Q

metabolic effects of respiratory alkalosis

A

hypoCa (H ions taken off albumin, which now sucks up Ca -> tingling), hypoK, hypophos)

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6
Q

Fick equation

A

SvO2 = SaO2 - [VO2 / (CO x Hgb x 1.36)]

VO2 = total body oxygen consumption

SO things that decrease SvO2

  • MI = less CO
  • decreased arterial oxygen saturation
  • decrease o2 carrying capacity
  • increased consumption (pain, shivering, hyperthermia)
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7
Q

what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve do?

A

abducts and adducts vocal cords. Provides motor function to all muscles of larynx EXCEPT cricothyroid. Sensation to larynx BELOW glottis. Comes from Vagus nerve

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8
Q

what does the superior laryngeal nerve, internal brnach do?

A

sensory above glottis

SIME = sensory internal, motor external

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9
Q

what does SLN, external branch do?

A

cricothyroid muscle, adducts VC

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10
Q

when is Succs contraindicated and why?

A

in patients >24 hours from burn, trauma, neuromuscular disorders, prolonged immobility 2/2 upregulation of extrajunctional nicotinic ACh receptors. Can raise K by 3.5 as opposed to 0.5 normally

also usually avoided in peds population

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11
Q

signs and symptoms of nitroprusside toxicity

A

AGMA, CNS depression, arrythmias, elevated mixed venous oxygenation

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12
Q

average stroke volume?

A

60-100ml/beat

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13
Q

how do we make the diagnosis of carbon monoxide poisoning?

A

co-oximetry (VBG/ABG)
elevated levels of COHgb (>15)

Tx: high FiO2
hyperbaric chamber only IF COhgb >30 or severe symptoms (obtunded, delirium, bradyarrythmias)

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14
Q

Fa/Fi - soluble agents - decreased CO or increased MV

A

both cause faster induction and rise of FA/FI

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15
Q

does HCO3- buffer H+?

A

NO! But it facilitates transport of H+ intracellularly where intracellular processes (proteins, phosphates, hgb) do actual buffering

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16
Q

why do liver patients have thrombocytopenia?

A

splenic sequestration and reduced thrombopoetin production by liver

platelet count can informally be used for progression of portal hypertension

17
Q

why are factor 8 and vwf increased in liver disease?

A

produced in endothelium, NOT liver

18
Q

why don’t liver patients spontaneously bleed?

A

increase in BOTH pro AND anticoagulant factors

19
Q

low fibrinogen in a liver patient can indicate what?

A

DIC - fibrinogen is dysfunctional and usually INCREASED in liver patients.

20
Q

power of a study

A

1-B
B is usually 10-20%
power = chance of correctly rejecting null hypothesis (no treatment effect) when alternative hypothesis is true

21
Q

what measures the partial pressure of O2 requiring a voltage source?

A

clark electrode

22
Q

sanz electrode is used to measure

A

pH of blood

23
Q

severinghaus electrode is used to measure

A

Co2

based on the fact that pH and CO2 change in a linear fashion with temperature

24
Q

all about doxorubicin

A

cardiomyopathy, pulm, hepatic, renal
dose-dependent
ekg used for acute toxicity monitoring

25
Q

how does magnesium work

A

calcium channel antagonist, intra and extracelullarly
tocolysis by smooth muscle relaxation
muscle weakenss from decrease release of ACh (presynpatic Ca channel blockade)
LESS NDMB needed

hypotension and bradycardia: 5-6
EKG changes: 6-12
heart block: 18

tx: IV Calcium

26
Q

most accurate measure of central tendency?

A

median (minimizes effect of outliers)

BASIC (15 decks)

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