r12

Question 1

gold standard for measuring TLC

Answer 1

plethysmography (“body box”)

spirometry cannot measure bc doesn’t know what’s left

Question 2

shunt

Answer 2

perfusion without ventilation

(PNA, PTX, atelectasis, mucus production), DLT, bronchial blocker

Question 3

zone 1

Answer 3

dead space

alveolar pressure > arterial pressure > venous pressure

Question 4

zone 2

Answer 4

Pa > PA > Pv

dependent on diff between alveolar and arterial. venous means nothing

Question 5

during apnea, ox is removed at rate of

Answer 5

200-250ml/min

Question 6

each gram of adult hgb can carry how many mL of O2

Answer 6

1.34mL (assumed 14 hbg = 60 fold oxygen carrying capacity)

Question 7

central respiratory chemoreceptors in brain stem stimulated by what?

Answer 7

CSF H+ ions

BBB freely permeable to O2 and CO2

Question 8

turbulent flow is based on ___ while laminar flow is based on ___

Answer 8

density; viscosity

Question 9

nubain’s effect on Mu and Kappa?

Answer 9

Mu antagonist, Kappa agonist

has a plateau effect for respiratory depression (like naloxone)

Question 10

desflurane b:g coeff is 0.42 and NO is 0.47. Why is NO faster onset?

Answer 10

concentration effect

normally FA/FI is related to solubility or b/g coeff.

Question 11

FA is primarily affected by:

FI is primary affected by

Answer 11

CO, b:g c/e, minute ventilation

physics of circuit

Question 12

lithiums affect on NDMB and DMB?

Answer 12

prolongs both through decreasing ACh release

also can decrease MAC through decreasing release of NE, Dopa, Epi

Question 13

type 1

Answer 13

false positive

incorrectly accepting alternative hypothesis

Question 14

first step in managing loss of pipeline pressure

Answer 14

1. disconnect from main pipeline system
2. open auxiliary tank completely
3. ventilate by hand

(lower FGF to safe but conservative level)

Question 15

carotid bodies are responsive to what part of O2?

Answer 15

arterial partial pressure of O2

Question 16

which burns more - etomidate or propofol?

Answer 16

etomidate

prepared in propylene glycol - can show up 7 days after

Question 17

most sensitive factors in difficult airway prediction

Answer 17

inability to prognath, previous difficult airway, limited neck movement

Question 18

three things determining spinal anesthesia

Answer 18

baricity, dose (mg delivered), patient position