R7

Question 1

codeine to morphine metabolite

Answer 1

P450 2D6

Question 2

What metabolizes plavix into active drug?

Answer 2

P450 2C19

Question 3

What metabolizes St. Johns Wort?

Answer 3

P450 3A4

Question 4

treatment of saline-induced hyperchloremic non-AG acidosis?

Answer 4

crystalloid with high SID (sodium bicarb or Tham solution)

Question 5

how to figure out drug concentration of LA?

Answer 5

move decimal over 1 to the right (eg: 2% lidocaine = 20 mg/ml)

Question 6

LA potency is determined by

Answer 6

lipid solubility

most: bupi
least: procaine

Question 7

LA onset of action is determined by

Answer 7

pKA

Question 8

LA duration of action

Answer 8

protein binding

Question 9

Acute resp alkalosis

Answer 9

pH increase of 0.1, HCO2- decrease of 2meq/l per 10meq of acutely decreased CO2

Question 10

chi-squared test

Answer 10

NON-parametric, ordinal data, one to multiple sample tests

Question 11

standard error formula

Answer 11

standard deviation / sqrt (number of samples)

Question 12

type 1 error

Answer 12

null hypothesis INCORRECTLY rejected (saying there is a difference when there isn’t). called ALPHA, is false POSITIVES

more serious error

Question 13

type II error

Answer 13

null hypothesis incorrectly ACCEPTED (saying no difference when there is). BETA

Power = 1-B

Question 14

four ways to INCREASE power (also known as decreasing type 2 error)

Answer 14

1. increase alpha
2. decrease population variability
3. increase sample size
4. make difference between conditions greater

Question 15

laryngospasm management

Answer 15

100% FiO2 with positive pressure <20, Larson maneuver, optional IV anesthetic (IV propofol 1mg/kg), last resort IV succs.

Question 16

treatment of post-obsstructive pulmonary edema

Answer 16

PPV

Question 17

when to consider ffp to reverse warfarin?

Answer 17

INR >1.5 in urgent/emergent cases

5-8ml/kg

remember FFP intrinsic INR 1.6-1.8

PCC is faster ($$). Vitamin K takes 24 hours

Question 18

In a given system, the total pressure is equal to the sum of partial pressures of each component

Answer 18

Dalton Law

same thing with mixed gas tank pressures

Question 19

Alveolar gas equation

Answer 19

PAO2 = (atm - Ph20) - PaCO2/R

R = 1.8 constant

Question 20

With constant temperature, pressure and volume are inversely proportional

Answer 20

Boyle’s Law

Question 21

If Pressure is held constant, volume and temperature will be directly proportional

Answer 21

Charles Law

Question 22

If volume is kept the same, temperature and pressure of a gas are proportional

Answer 22

Gay-Lussac Law

Question 23

MC cause of complete heart block is blockage of what artery

Answer 23

RCA -> PDA -> AV nodal artery

inferior wall ischemia -> don’t use venodilators!

Question 24

what test do I use to compare two populations with respect to a single variable with continuous data?

Answer 24

unpaired t-test

Question 25

what agonizes vs antagonizes glycine receptor?

Answer 25

alcohol agonizes, caffeine antagonizes

Question 26

what receptors cause bronchoconstriction?

Answer 26

adrenergic - alpha, muscarinic, PSNS, excitatory non-adrenergic non-cholinergic

Question 27

lithotomy affects what nerves?

Answer 27

sciatic, anything that passes under inguinal canal (obturator, LFCN)

Question 28

what meds should patient be placed on after MI?

Answer 28

ACEi (decreases ventricular remodeling), BB, ASA, statin

is EF<35%, spiro

Question 29

normal SVR

Answer 29

700-1500 dynes

Question 30

how to calculate SVR

Answer 30

(MAP-RAP / CO) * 80

RAP can be substituted for CVP

to convert dynes to wood u, divide by 80

Question 31

calculate MAP

Answer 31

1/3 SBP + 2/3 diastolic

Question 32

when is the worst time to quit smoking before surgery?

Answer 32

48 to 72 hours - increased secretions and more reactive airway