Random Question: A Flashcards
Also called: ischemic chest pain
type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.
is a symptom of coronary artery disease.
Angina
______ formation may prevent blood from flowing normally through the circulatory system, which may become an embolism, and block the flow of blood towards major organs in the body.
thrombus
obstructionof anartery, typically by aclotof blood or an air bubble.
Embolism
analgesia is…
The inability to feel pain
_____ drugs are medicines that ease nausea or vomiting.
Antiemetic
an escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel, especially when profuse.
Hemorrhage
Furosemide
synthetic compound with a strong diuretic action (water pill) , used especially in the treatment ofedema.
a space between the bones of the skull in an infant or fetus, where ossification is not complete and thesuturesnot fully formed. The main one is between thefrontalandparietalbones.
Fontanel
the act of withdrawing the fluid, tissue, or other substance through a needle. It also refers to the accidental breathing in of food or fluid into the lungs.
Aspirations
condition in which the force of the blood against the artery walls is too high.
Usually ________is defined as blood pressure above 140/90, and is considered severe if the pressure is above 180/120.
Hypertension
Steve’s Johnson Syndrome
A rare, serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes.
A medical emergency, this is often a reaction to medication or an infection.
hypothyroidism and will take levothyroxine (Synthroid) 50 mcg/day by mouth.
What are some common side effects
Extra energy/ higher metabolism
Polyphagia means…
Extreme hunger
The ____ route refers to theintravenous administration of nutrition and medications by bypassing the gastrointestinal system
parenteral
subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, and intrathecal administration
Are these types of routes of Delivery
Parenteral
brief stroke-like attack that, despite resolving within minutes to hours, still requires immediate medical attention to distinguish from an actual stroke.
A transient ______ may be a warning sign of a future stroke.
ischemic attac
CVA is aka
cerebrovascular accidentand stroke
Bowel obstruction caused by cystic fibrosis
meconium ileus
Dyspnea
Difficult breathing
_____ or hardening of the arteries, is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the arteries.
Atherosclerosis
______is a demyelinating disease in which the insulating covers of the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged.
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Paresthesia
Tingling or prickling, “pins-and-needles” sensation; usually temporary, often occurs in the arms, hands, legs, or feet.
Usually, from neurological damage
a condition marked by intermittent muscularspasms, caused bymalfunctionof theparathyroidglandsand aconsequentdeficiency of calcium.
Tetany
_____ calcium levels in the blood; it is asymptomatic in mild forms but can cause paresthesia, tetany, muscle cramps, and carpopedal spasms in severe cases
Hypocalcemia ; low
Too much or too little calcium can cause polyuria, severe abdominal pain, and confusion.
Too much
Hypercalcemia
Severe signs of _____ include:
Laryngospasm (voice box spasms), which can cause difficulty breathing.
Bronchospasms (when the muscles that line the airways in your lungs tighten).
Painful, generalized muscle cramps.
Vomiting.
Seizures.
Decreased cardiac function, such as an irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia).
Tetany
This is a symptom of an underlying neurological disease or traumatic nerve damage.
Tingling or prickling, “pins-and-needles” sensation; usually temporary, often occurs in the arms, hands, legs, or feet.
Can be caused by disorders affecting the central nervous system, such as: Stroke and transient ischemic attacks (mini-strokes) Multiple sclerosis.
Paresthesia
Salpingitis
is inflammation of the fallopian tubes, caused by bacterial infection. AKA Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Sarcoma
type of cancer that begins in bone or in the soft tissues of the body, including cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, fibrous tissue, or other connective or supportive tissue
prophylaxis
action taken to prevent disease, especially by specified means or against a specified disease
“The treatment and prophylaxis of angina pectoris.”
condition marked by severe pain in the chest, often also spreading to the shoulders, arms, and neck, caused by aninadequateblood supply to the heart.
“he had high blood pressure and he suffered from ____”
angina
Pleurisy
Inflammation of the tissues that line the lungs and chest cavity
venous stasis ulcer
wound on the leg or ankle caused by abnormal or damaged veins.
Chronic, inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation in the digestive tract.
________ is usually only in the innermost lining of the large intestine (colon) and rectum. Forms range from mild to severe. Having it puts a patient at increased risk of developing colon cancer.
Ulcerative colitis
desiccated
All moisture removed; dried out
If your BMI is less than ____, it falls within the underweight range.
If your BMI is ____ to _____, it falls within the Healthy Weight range.
If your BMI is ____ to ____, it falls within the overweight range.
If your BMI is ____ or higher, it falls within the obese range
18.5
18.5 to 24.9
25.0 to 29.9
30.0
________ (Lopressor) is in a class of medications called beta blockers. It works by relaxing blood vessels and slowing heart rate to improve blood flow and decrease blood pressure.
Metoprolol
Orthopnea
Difficulty breathing while laying down
Palsy (Definition)
Types of palsys
means weakness or problems with using the muscles
Cerebral palsy:neural disorder caused by brain damage that can affect movement and posture.
Bell’s palsy: A type of partial facial paralysis
Erb’s palsy: Also known as brachial palsy, this type of palsy involves paralysis of an arm
XX Chromesomes
XY Chromesomes
Female XX
Male XY
An inherited disorder of progressive muscular weakness, typically in boys.
Girls can be carriers and mildly affected, but the disease typically affects boys
Symptoms include frequent falls, trouble getting up or running, waddling gait, big calves, and learning disabilities.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is…
Procedure that compresses plaque against the wall of the diseased coronary artery to improve blood flow
surgical repair orunblockingof a blood vessel, especially acoronaryartery.
Angioplasty
Neurological sequelae
are those complications involving damage to the central nervous system that results in cognitive, sensory, or motor deficits that may also manifest as emotional instability and seizures in the most severe cases.
Spasticity
a condition in which there is an abnormal increase in muscle tone or stiffness of muscle, which might interfere with movement, speech, or be associated with discomfort or pain.
cretinism
Lack of thyroid hormone that results in mental & physical retardation
characterized by intellectual disability, smallstature, andthickeningof the facial features.
of a disease or physicalabnormality present from birth.
“a _____ malformation of the heart”
congenital
Congenital hypothyroidism is caused by _____ deficiency and is occasionally exacerbated by naturally occurring goitrogens (Goitrogens aresubstances that disrupt the production of thyroid hormones. This triggers the pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which then promotes the growth of thyroid tissue, eventually leading to goiter)
iodine
______ is the passage of fluid through the circulatory system or lymphatic system to an organ or a tissue, usually referring to the delivery of blood to a capillary bed in tissue
Perfusion
Hypovolemia is…
Fluid volume deficit
Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) is an x-ray exam that uses an injection of contrast material to evaluate
the kidneys, ureters, and bladder and help diagnose blood in the urine or pain in the side or lower back
Fundus
the part of a hollow organ (such as the uterus or the gallbladder) that is farthest from the opening.
While caring for the client during the first hour after delivery, the nurse determines that the uterus is boggy and there is vaginal bleeding. What should be the nurse’s first action?
massage the fundus until it is firm as uterine atony is the primary cause of bleeding in the first hour after delivery.
Technique to resolve Bounding Heart Problem.
Valsalva maneuver
ameliorate
to make better or more tolerable.
“medicine to ______ the pain.”
Isotonic vs isometric
Isotonic = movement of muscles
Isometric = Holding them still ie, planks
_______ position, the patient is usually seated upright with their spine straight. The upper body is between 60 degrees and 90 degrees. The legs of the patient may be straight or bent. This Position is commonly used when the patient is defecating, eating, swallowing, taking X-Rays, or to help with breathing
Resting for congestive heart failure is done in this posistion.
High Fowler’s
______ like Supine Position, iswhen a patient’s head is included at a 15–30-degree angle. This position can be used post-procedure, to reduce lower back pain, administer drugs and prevent aspiration during tube feeding. Low Fowler’s position is considered the best position for patients to rest
Low Fowler’s
condition in which the liquid portion of the blood (plasma) is too low.
Hypovolemia
aninadequateblood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles.
Ischemia
Oral contraceptives and vasodilators, such as nitroglycerin, can (help /hurt) migraine pains.
Hurt
APPROACH TO TREATMENT The ______ (symptomatic) therapy of migraine ranges from the use of simple analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to triptans, antiemetics, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists, lasmiditan, and dihydroergotamine.
This stops head aches after they begun.
Abortive
Encephalitis
Swelling of the brain
Which of the following complications should the nurse carefully monitor a client with acute pancreatitis?
A. Myocardial Infarction
B. Cirrhosis
C. Peptic ulcer
D. Pneumonia
D. Pneumonia
The bacteria that causes pancreatitis also causes Pneumonia
B. Kidney failure not liver failure is associated with pancreatitis
