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NCLEX: Mix > Random Question: A > Flashcards

Random Question: A Flashcards

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1
Q

Also called: ischemic chest pain

type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart.

is a symptom of coronary artery disease.

A

Angina

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2
Q

______ formation may prevent blood from flowing normally through the circulatory system, which may become an embolism, and block the flow of blood towards major organs in the body.

A

thrombus

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3
Q

obstructionof anartery, typically by aclotof blood or an air bubble.

A

Embolism

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4
Q

analgesia is…

A

The inability to feel pain

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5
Q

_____ drugs are medicines that ease nausea or vomiting.

A

Antiemetic

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6
Q

an escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel, especially when profuse.

A

Hemorrhage

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7
Q

Furosemide

A

synthetic compound with a strong diuretic action (water pill) , used especially in the treatment ofedema.

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8
Q

a space between the bones of the skull in an infant or fetus, where ossification is not complete and thesuturesnot fully formed. The main one is between thefrontalandparietalbones.

A

Fontanel

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9
Q

the act of withdrawing the fluid, tissue, or other substance through a needle. It also refers to the accidental breathing in of food or fluid into the lungs.

A

Aspirations

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10
Q

condition in which the force of the blood against the artery walls is too high.

Usually ________is defined as blood pressure above 140/90, and is considered severe if the pressure is above 180/120.

A

Hypertension

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11
Q

Steve’s Johnson Syndrome

A

A rare, serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes.

A medical emergency, this is often a reaction to medication or an infection.

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12
Q

hypothyroidism and will take levothyroxine (Synthroid) 50 mcg/day by mouth.

What are some common side effects

A

Extra energy/ higher metabolism

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13
Q

Polyphagia means…

A

Extreme hunger

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14
Q

The ____ route refers to theintravenous administration of nutrition and medications by bypassing the gastrointestinal system

A

parenteral

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15
Q

subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, and intrathecal administration

Are these types of routes of Delivery

A

Parenteral

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16
Q

brief stroke-like attack that, despite resolving within minutes to hours, still requires immediate medical attention to distinguish from an actual stroke.

A transient ______ may be a warning sign of a future stroke.

A

ischemic attac

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17
Q

CVA is aka

A

cerebrovascular accidentand stroke

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18
Q

Bowel obstruction caused by cystic fibrosis

A

meconium ileus

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19
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult breathing

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20
Q

_____ or hardening of the arteries, is a condition in which plaque builds up inside the arteries.

A

Atherosclerosis

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21
Q

______is a demyelinating disease in which the insulating covers of the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged.

A

Multiple sclerosis (MS)

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22
Q

Paresthesia

A

Tingling or prickling, “pins-and-needles” sensation; usually temporary, often occurs in the arms, hands, legs, or feet.

Usually, from neurological damage

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23
Q

a condition marked by intermittent muscularspasms, caused bymalfunctionof theparathyroidglandsand aconsequentdeficiency of calcium.

A

Tetany

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24
Q

_____ calcium levels in the blood; it is asymptomatic in mild forms but can cause paresthesia, tetany, muscle cramps, and carpopedal spasms in severe cases

A

Hypocalcemia ; low

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25
Q

Too much or too little calcium can cause polyuria, severe abdominal pain, and confusion.

A

Too much

Hypercalcemia

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26
Q

Severe signs of _____ include:

Laryngospasm (voice box spasms), which can cause difficulty breathing.

Bronchospasms (when the muscles that line the airways in your lungs tighten).

Painful, generalized muscle cramps.

Vomiting.

Seizures.

Decreased cardiac function, such as an irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia).

A

Tetany

27
Q

This is a symptom of an underlying neurological disease or traumatic nerve damage.

Tingling or prickling, “pins-and-needles” sensation; usually temporary, often occurs in the arms, hands, legs, or feet.

Can be caused by disorders affecting the central nervous system, such as: Stroke and transient ischemic attacks (mini-strokes) Multiple sclerosis.

A

Paresthesia

28
Q

Salpingitis

A

is inflammation of the fallopian tubes, caused by bacterial infection. AKA Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

29
Q

Sarcoma

A

type of cancer that begins in bone or in the soft tissues of the body, including cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, fibrous tissue, or other connective or supportive tissue

30
Q

prophylaxis

A

action taken to prevent disease, especially by specified means or against a specified disease

“The treatment and prophylaxis of angina pectoris.”

31
Q

condition marked by severe pain in the chest, often also spreading to the shoulders, arms, and neck, caused by aninadequateblood supply to the heart.

“he had high blood pressure and he suffered from ____”

A

angina

32
Q

Pleurisy

A

Inflammation of the tissues that line the lungs and chest cavity

33
Q

venous stasis ulcer

A

wound on the leg or ankle caused by abnormal or damaged veins.

34
Q

Chronic, inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation in the digestive tract.

________ is usually only in the innermost lining of the large intestine (colon) and rectum. Forms range from mild to severe. Having it puts a patient at increased risk of developing colon cancer.

A

Ulcerative colitis

35
Q

desiccated

A

All moisture removed; dried out

36
Q

If your BMI is less than ____, it falls within the underweight range.

If your BMI is ____ to _____, it falls within the Healthy Weight range.

If your BMI is ____ to ____, it falls within the overweight range.

If your BMI is ____ or higher, it falls within the obese range

A

18.5
18.5 to 24.9
25.0 to 29.9
30.0

37
Q

________ (Lopressor) is in a class of medications called beta blockers. It works by relaxing blood vessels and slowing heart rate to improve blood flow and decrease blood pressure.

A

Metoprolol

38
Q

Orthopnea

A

Difficulty breathing while laying down

39
Q

Palsy (Definition)

Types of palsys

A

means weakness or problems with using the muscles

Cerebral palsy:neural disorder caused by brain damage that can affect movement and posture.

Bell’s palsy: A type of partial facial paralysis

Erb’s palsy: Also known as brachial palsy, this type of palsy involves paralysis of an arm

40
Q

XX Chromesomes

XY Chromesomes

A

Female XX

Male XY

41
Q

An inherited disorder of progressive muscular weakness, typically in boys.

Girls can be carriers and mildly affected, but the disease typically affects boys

Symptoms include frequent falls, trouble getting up or running, waddling gait, big calves, and learning disabilities.

A

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

42
Q

percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is…

A

Procedure that compresses plaque against the wall of the diseased coronary artery to improve blood flow

43
Q

surgical repair orunblockingof a blood vessel, especially acoronaryartery.

A

Angioplasty

44
Q

Neurological sequelae

A

are those complications involving damage to the central nervous system that results in cognitive, sensory, or motor deficits that may also manifest as emotional instability and seizures in the most severe cases.

45
Q

Spasticity

A

a condition in which there is an abnormal increase in muscle tone or stiffness of muscle, which might interfere with movement, speech, or be associated with discomfort or pain.

46
Q

cretinism

A

Lack of thyroid hormone that results in mental & physical retardation

characterized by intellectual disability, smallstature, andthickeningof the facial features.

47
Q

of a disease or physicalabnormality present from birth.

“a _____ malformation of the heart”

A

congenital

48
Q

Congenital hypothyroidism is caused by _____ deficiency and is occasionally exacerbated by naturally occurring goitrogens (Goitrogens aresubstances that disrupt the production of thyroid hormones. This triggers the pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which then promotes the growth of thyroid tissue, eventually leading to goiter)

A

iodine

49
Q

______ is the passage of fluid through the circulatory system or lymphatic system to an organ or a tissue, usually referring to the delivery of blood to a capillary bed in tissue

A

Perfusion

50
Q

Hypovolemia is…

A

Fluid volume deficit

51
Q

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP) is an x-ray exam that uses an injection of contrast material to evaluate

A

the kidneys, ureters, and bladder and help diagnose blood in the urine or pain in the side or lower back

52
Q

Fundus

A

the part of a hollow organ (such as the uterus or the gallbladder) that is farthest from the opening.

53
Q

While caring for the client during the first hour after delivery, the nurse determines that the uterus is boggy and there is vaginal bleeding. What should be the nurse’s first action?

A

massage the fundus until it is firm as uterine atony is the primary cause of bleeding in the first hour after delivery.

54
Q

Technique to resolve Bounding Heart Problem.

A

Valsalva maneuver

55
Q

ameliorate

A

to make better or more tolerable.

“medicine to ______ the pain.”

56
Q

Isotonic vs isometric

A

Isotonic = movement of muscles

Isometric = Holding them still ie, planks

57
Q

_______ position, the patient is usually seated upright with their spine straight. The upper body is between 60 degrees and 90 degrees. The legs of the patient may be straight or bent. This Position is commonly used when the patient is defecating, eating, swallowing, taking X-Rays, or to help with breathing

Resting for congestive heart failure is done in this posistion.

A

High Fowler’s

58
Q

______ like Supine Position, iswhen a patient’s head is included at a 15–30-degree angle. This position can be used post-procedure, to reduce lower back pain, administer drugs and prevent aspiration during tube feeding. Low Fowler’s position is considered the best position for patients to rest

A

Low Fowler’s

59
Q

condition in which the liquid portion of the blood (plasma) is too low.

A

Hypovolemia

60
Q

aninadequateblood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles.

A

Ischemia

61
Q

Oral contraceptives and vasodilators, such as nitroglycerin, can (help /hurt) migraine pains.

A

Hurt

62
Q

APPROACH TO TREATMENT The ______ (symptomatic) therapy of migraine ranges from the use of simple analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to triptans, antiemetics, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists, lasmiditan, and dihydroergotamine.

This stops head aches after they begun.

A

Abortive

63
Q

Encephalitis

A

Swelling of the brain

64
Q

Which of the following complications should the nurse carefully monitor a client with acute pancreatitis?

A. Myocardial Infarction
B. Cirrhosis
C. Peptic ulcer
D. Pneumonia

A

D. Pneumonia

The bacteria that causes pancreatitis also causes Pneumonia

B. Kidney failure not liver failure is associated with pancreatitis

NCLEX: Mix (18 decks)

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