Random Question Flashcards
Different types of bursitis
Acute, chronic non-septic, chronic infected
What is Cancer
Abnormal mutation of cells, abnormal growth of tumor
Ganglion
Cancer cells
Ganglions cyst
fluid filled like tumor. Benign.
Span and Apex
Scoliosis:
Span- the distance curve on the spine, ex:C2-T1
Apex-
The vertebra of the curve which is farthest from the midline
Purpose of thorax spine
Protect theorgans allowing ribs to attached
Pospose of lumbar spine
Bear weight of the body
What is pars articularis?
Region between superior and inferior articular facets
Spondylolisthesis
Forward slippage of pars interarticulatis of L5-S1
Spondylolysis
Vertebral Stress fractures in usually pars interarticularis
Ankylosing Spondylotis
Chronic sytemic inflammation of spinal joint from SI and moves up (bamboo spine)
COPD
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Types of COPD
Ashtma,
Emphesyma
Chronic Bronchitis
How many Facet in a vertebra
4 facets
Erector Spinae group
Medial to lateral
Spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis
Lumbar plexus
Web of nerves in the lumbar region part of a larger lumbosacral plexus
Lower crossed syndrome
Tight= erectors, QL, ilopsoas,and rectus femoris, TFL, adductors
Weak and stretch= glute max hamstrings and abdominals
Upper crossed Syndrome
Short and tight= traps, levator scap,
Pec major and minor
Weak and stretch- deep neck flexors(longus colli), middle traps and rhomboids
Structural scoliosis
Aquired or inherited bone deformity, cannot be corrected bu posture changes
Functional scoliosis
Due to excessive muscular tensions can be correctected by soft tissue manipulation
Osteoporosis
Progressive disease, bone density gradually changes, become thinner and weaker, changes posture
Osteoarthritis
Degenerative changes in synovial joints affecting articular cartilage and subchondral bone
Rheumatoid arthritis
AutoImmune Disease, immune systems attacking the synovial membrane of polyarticular joints (hands and foot) cartilage and bone surfaces is affected
Innominate bone
Pubis, ilium and ischium
Inguinal triangle border
Lateral border of rectus abdominis
Inguinal ligament
Inferior epigastric vessel
Nutation
Anterior tipping
Sacrum promontory moves- anterior and inferior while
Coccyx posterior and Superior relative to the ilium
Counternutation
Posterior tipping of sacrum
Sacrum= moves posterior and superior
Coccyx=moves anterior and inferior relative to ilium
Primary ligament stabilizer of SI joint
Sacrotuberous ligament
Sacroinguinal ligament
Sacrospinous ligament (anterior and posterior)
Joints in hip and pelvis
Sacroiliac Joint
Iliofemoral joint
movements in iliofemoral joint
flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, medial and lateral rotation
where is trochanteric bursitis located
1 between glute med and ITB, and 1 between glute max and greater trochanter
Lumbar Canal Stenosis
Narrowing of spinal canal in lower back
what is posture deviations with posterior innominate/ pelvic rotation
decrease in lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis
what is posture deviations with anterior innominate/ pelvic rotation
exaggerated lumbar lordosis
treatment for Anterior Innominate/ pelvic rotation
treat as lower crossed: treat extensors, iliopsoas, rectus femoris and QL
treatment for posterior innominate/ pelvic rotation
reduce tensions in hamstrings and abdominals
two movements of the TMJ
retraction(closing mouth)
depression(opening the mouth)
what are main muscles of sciatica
glute max, piriformis hamstrings
part of the hyoid muscle Group that does not attached to hyoid bone
Sternothyroid
ROM of the TMJ
depression, retraction, right and left lateral deviation
Function of the TMJ
moving shock absorber between condyle and the fossa, cushion to decrease wear and tear
S-wobble
muscular source dysfunction
C-wobble
structural: joint dysfunction, capsular source
what allows disc to glide in the TMJ
synovial fluid
Clicking popping sound in the mandible
depression- anterior disc displacement (opening mouth)
elevation-occurs when condyle moves back posteriorly(closing mouth)
give 2 behaviors that causes TMJ dysfunction
Bruxism- grinding teeth at night
Jaw Clinching, Chewing gum, chewing on one side
what is lock Jaw
Opening Lock: condyle anterior to the articular eminence unable to return posteriorly (cannot close mouth)
Closing Lock: anterior disc displacement condyle cant go over posterior disc, cant go over 10mm(cannot open mouth)
how soon can you massage a mother after delivery
6-8weeks
What is lateral recumbent
side lying position for prenatal massage
types of disc herniation
protrusion- disc bulge posterolateral neck with annular intact
prolapse-only annular fibers holds the nucleus
extrusion-annular fibers is pierced
sequestration-distal fragments of nucleus and annulus are found outside disc
apical breathing
inefficient breathing, mainly using chest and apex of the lungs to breath, very little movements in the ribs and abdomen
circle of willis
loop of interconnected arteries at the base of the brain around the optic chiasm, that supply blood to the brain and neighboring structures
2 groups of circle of willis
vertebral artery (posterior)
internal carrotid artery (anterior)
Limbic System (complex structure of brain) functions
emotional responses,
regulating hormone,
memory storing
6 parts of limbic system
amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, thalamus, basal ganglia, cingulate gyrus
how many cranial nerves and how it is named and numbered
12 pairs. named by their functions and numbered using roman numeral
muscles of mastication
masseter, lateral and medial pterygoid, temporalis
ligaments in TMJ
temporomadibular ligament (primary)
sphenomandibular ligament (accessory)
stylomandibular ligament (accessory)
strongest ligament in the SI joint
iliofemoral ligament
define coupled motion
coordination and simultaneous movements of the vertebrae
give common symptoms of sciatica
radiating pain in low back gluteal region, posterios thigh, posterior leg
shooting pain unable to stand up., burning and tingling down the leg.
constant pain on one side or the rear,
causes of sinusitis
viral infection, seasonal allergies, deviation of nasal septum,
bells palsy
lesion on fascial nerve, flaccid paralysis on muscles of facial expression on the same side of the lesion site.
symptoms of bells palsy
sagging face, unilateral flaccid paralysis, possible pain
treatment of bells palsy
relaxation techniques, decrease HT+ and TRP on muscles and compensatory structure esp. to the neck, diaphragmatic breathing, maintain painless ROM, maintain, motor awareness
what is trigeminal neuralgia
lesion on sensory fibers creates hypoasthesia or anaesthesia on the area supplied
symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia
mandible deviates toward the paralyzed side, mandible droops, no joint movement is possible with bilateral paralysis, jaw jerk
treatment for trigeminal Neuralgia
same as bells palsy
relaxation techniques, decrease HT+ and TRP on muscles and compensatory structure esp. to the neck, diaphragmatic breathing, maintain painless ROM, maintain, motor awareness
Multiple scleorosis
inflammatory process result to loss of myelin that surrounds axons(demyelination) followed by scars affecting the nerve transmission
treatment goals for MS
deactivate SNS firing, reduce spacity
diaphragmatic breathing, GTO
positioning to accomodate areas of spacity, swedishmassage to improve immune functions and tissue health
slow passive stretches to reduce contracture, PROM
what is Parkinson’s Disease
progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by movement disorders and pathological reduction of dopamine
concussion?
a mild traumatic brain injury from traumatic cause by direct or indirect blow or force. problems maybe long term of permanent
What is sacroiliac dysfunction
Stress to sacroiliac joint due to misalignment due to connective tissue pull. imbalance of forces acting on the joint
causes of SI dysfunction
pelvic tilt, misalignment, ligament sprain, leg length, joint irritation, scoliosis
biomechanical distortion.: posture, improper shoes, running and walking in uneven ground
treatment for SI dysfunction
reduce HT+, treatment focus glute max, latissimus dorsi and hamstrings(bicep femoris) deep frictions for posterior ligament sprain
postural dysfunction in the spine will result to, what?
exaggerated lumbar lordosis
2 types of scoliolis
Dextroscoliosis- curve to the right
Levoscoliosis- curve to the left
Degeneration/protrusion
(Bulge) disc changes shape but annulus fibrosus still intact
Prolapse
nucleus broken but only outermost annulus fibrosus still intact
extrusion
Disc material pushed through outer border of annulus but still connected to the nucleus in the center disc
Sequestration
disc material has separated from itself, portion of the disc material free floating in the spinal canal.
massage treatment for disc herniation.
reduce muscle tightness, Lower back muscles contributing to the compression on the disc
Clues for lumbar facet syndrome.
deep aching pain close to spine.
immediate onset at the time of injury(acute), morning pain as lack of joint movement and improves when walk around, pain sleeping prone, or sitting for long periods of time. anterior pelvic tilt, exaggerated lumbar lordosis.
pink puffer
they struggle and over ventalate, maintaining gas level until later in the disease.
Blue Bloater
insufficient oxygenation, leads to cyanosis(turns blue) and peripheral edema due to ventricular failure. retains weight, retains weight as no energy to exercise
Rib joints
Costovertebral joint
Strnocostal
Costochondral
Costotransverse
Rib joints
Costovertebral
Hyperlordosis
ST thomas test/obers test
T.Goal
Reduce Pain,Trp, increade ROM, stretch short muscles. Hydro heat at rectus femoris pretreatment move heat to the othe side. Self care stretch hip flexors, stretch lowerback
