Random passmed facts Flashcards
Most important biochemical abnormality causing VT?
Hypokalaemia
Main side effects of nitrates
Headache, hypotension, tachycardia.
Mitral regurgitation (pan systolic) seen in what 2 conditions?
Mar fans and Ehlors danlos.
Long QT syndrome caused by what biochemical abnormality?
Hypokalaemia.
When should you take a statin/
Night time.
If stage 1 hypertension and over 80 years old what do you treat with?
No treatment
If under 80 years, stage 1 hypertension, no end organ damage but risk score of 15%, what do u do?
If risk score between 10 + 20% you should give a statin and offer lifestyle advice.
What class of drugs is contraindicated in aortic stenosis?
Nitrates
Which one of aortic stenosis and coarctation of the aorta cause hypertension?
Coarctation.
4 drugs used for heart failure.
DABS: Diuretic, ace I, beta blocker and Spironolactone.
What are Osler nodes?
Painful lesions on hands that suggest endocarditis.
What are Janeway lesions
Painless lesions that suggest endocardidits?
IVDU normally get what endocarditis?
Staph aureus right sided. (Tricuspid)
Arterial ulcers are usually where?
On the lateral malleolus.
Triad of critical limb iscahemia?
Gangrene, ulceration, rest pain.
If an ABPI is > 1.3, what should you do/
Not compress it.
Considered safe to monitor aneurysms that are what size?
<5.5cm
Where do you measure a DVT?
10cm below tibial tuberosity?
What would suggest a DVT?
A difference of >3cm between each leg.
Management of DVT in pregnant vs non-pregnant?
Non-pregnancy - rivaroxaban + exercise + stocking
pregnant = LMWH + exercise + sticking.
6 Ps of limb ischaemia?
Pale Pulesless Perishingly cold Paralysis s Paraethesia Pain
How does a PE present?
SOB, pleuritic chest pain, haemoptysis, dizzy.
What does the ABG in PE show?
Type 1 respiratory failure (Resp alkalosis)
Diagnostic test for PE?
CTPA
Diagnostic test for PE in pregnancy?
Perfusion only VQ scan.
PE managemen if active cancer?
LMWH for 6 months.
Provoked PE Rx?
LMWH for 3 months.
Unprovoked PE Rx?
LMWH for 6 months.
Management of PE in pregnancy?
LMWH
Management of acute left ventricular failure?
LMNOP
Loop diuretic Morphione Nitrates Oxygen. Posture (sit up)
Symptoms of acute left ventircular failure/
Pink frothy sputum
Orthopnoea.
Dyspnoea
