Random Factoids

Question 1

Lactate level and sepsis

Answer 1

Q point >2.5 increases mortality by 10%

Question 2

O2 content dissolved in plasma equation

Answer 2

[1.34 x hgb x (SaO2/100)] + 0.003 x PO2

• Tissues draw o2 from plasma 1st, the from Hgb
• can be used with Fick formula as well to trend SvO2 & amount delivered.

Question 3

Polycythemia

Answer 3

Increased RBC production in response to COPD hypoxia

-process also increase 2-3DPG

Question 4

Ground glass opacities chest X-ray

Answer 4

Infection, pulmonary edema, cellular inflammation

Question 5

Increased Dead Space vs Intrapulmonary shunt

Answer 5

Increased death space: no perfusion w/ ventilation

Intrapulmonary shunt: no perfusion or ventilation

Question 6

Pleural Tube Water Seal fluctuation: spintaneous vs mechanical

Answer 6

Spontaneous:

• inhalation: water level rises (negative pressure)
• expiration: water level falls (positive Pressure)

Mechanical

• inhalation: falls (positive)
• exhalation: rise (neutral)

Question 7

Leukocytosis

Answer 7

Indicates infection

Question 8

SVO2 representation

Answer 8

O2 reserve, left over after tissue extraction

Question 9

MAP representation

Answer 9

Organ tissue perfusion

Question 10

Histotoxic hypoxia specific poisons

Answer 10

CO, cyanide, alcohol

Question 11

Most common cause of Anaphylaxis

Answer 11

NMBA

Question 12

Useful amount of consciousness w/ Rapid decompression

Answer 12

Greater than 30k ft msl - always choose the shortest amount of time.

Question 13

As altitude increase as q 1000 ft, temps:

Answer 13

Decrease 2 degrees C

Question 14

Glycogen stores limit

Answer 14

Shivering & producing heat.

Question 15

Fresh water drowning pt

Answer 15

Systemic washout of surfactant: atelectasis

Question 16

Salt water drowning pt

Answer 16

Hyper osmolar shift of fluid and blood products into pulmonary spaces. Treat as you would ARDS: low Vt, high f, high peep

Question 17

Fever & Diaphoresis & Na levels

Answer 17

Decrease water through skin = Hypernatremic

Question 18

Parathyroid hormone

Answer 18

Regulates Ca and phosphorous.
Less parathyroid=less Ca
-Ca and phosphorous gap have inverse relationship

Question 19

Most common cause of increased Hct

Answer 19

Dehydration… Will also not increases Na levels

Question 20

S/s hyponatremia

Answer 20

Convulsions, apprehension, abdominal cramps, diarrhea

Question 21

Oliguria & sticky mucous membranes indicate high or low NA?

Answer 21

High Na

Question 22

Increased urine specific gravity occur in?

Answer 22

SIADH, & dehydration

Question 23

Urine Creatine Clearance directly reflects:

Answer 23

GFR (glomerular filtration rate)

Question 24

Corrected vs uncorrected anion gap

Answer 24

Corrected: factoring of K (most accurate)

Question 25

Two common tests for hypocalcemia

Answer 25

Chvostek’s & Trousseau’s

Question 26

Hypocalcemia S/S

Answer 26

Numbness/tingling perioral, muscle cramps/spasms, irritability / fatique.