Pediatrics Flashcards
Fontanelles Closure age
Anterior: 12-18 mo
Posterior: 2 mo
Physiological differences CO, HR, SV
Higher CO
HR increased, SV decreased
-limited SV compensatory mechanisms
Reason for higher dosages
Higher volume of distribution (VD)
Cricoid is narrowest until what age?
10
O2 consumption in infants compared to adults
Double
ETT size
Premi: 2.5-3.0
Term: 3.0-3.5
3mo-1year: 3.5-4.0
Over year: formula
ETT size formula
(Age+16)/4
ETT Depth
2 year: formula
ETT depth formula
3 x Ett size
Or
(Age/2)+12
Pierre robin
Short chin, anterior / superior glottis
Arched cleft palate, teeth narrow
Basilar skull defects are possible stay out of the noses as possible
Treacher Collins
Short chin, dental malformations, deformed airway,
Basilar skull defects are possible stay out of the noses as possible
Hurler’s syndrome
Macrocephalic, short neck, scoliosis
Basilar skull defects are possible stay out of the noses as possible
Goldenhar syndrome
Facial asymmetry, small mouth limited opening
-worse of group
-Standard intubation not possible
Basilar skull defects are possible stay out of the noses as possible
PALS IV standard
90 seconds or 3 attempts. Then IO
Scalp access
Infants only.
22 ga
Infant/neonatal blood administration
As soon as blood is available, in comparison to 3:1
Estimated Blood volume: Premature: Term: 3month-1year: >1 year:
Premature: 90-100 ml/kg
Term: 80-90 ml/kg
3month-1year: 70-80 ml/kg
>1 year: 70 ml/kg
Maximum allowable blood loss
(EBV x (current Hct - minimum acceptable Hct)) / current Hct
minimum acceptable Hct: 28
Skull - bones are soft and separated by cartilage until what age?
5
