Pediatrics

Question 1

Fontanelles Closure age

Answer 1

Anterior: 12-18 mo
Posterior: 2 mo

Question 2

Physiological differences CO, HR, SV

Answer 2

Higher CO
HR increased, SV decreased
-limited SV compensatory mechanisms

Question 3

Reason for higher dosages

Answer 3

Higher volume of distribution (VD)

Question 4

Cricoid is narrowest until what age?

Answer 4

10

Question 5

O2 consumption in infants compared to adults

Answer 5

Double

Question 6

ETT size

Answer 6

Premi: 2.5-3.0
Term: 3.0-3.5
3mo-1year: 3.5-4.0
Over year: formula

Question 7

ETT size formula

Answer 7

(Age+16)/4

Question 8

ETT Depth

Answer 8

2 year: formula

Question 9

ETT depth formula

Answer 9

3 x Ett size

Or

(Age/2)+12

Question 10

Pierre robin

Answer 10

Short chin, anterior / superior glottis
Arched cleft palate, teeth narrow
Basilar skull defects are possible stay out of the noses as possible

Question 11

Treacher Collins

Answer 11

Short chin, dental malformations, deformed airway,

Basilar skull defects are possible stay out of the noses as possible

Question 12

Hurler’s syndrome

Answer 12

Macrocephalic, short neck, scoliosis

Basilar skull defects are possible stay out of the noses as possible

Question 13

Goldenhar syndrome

Answer 13

Facial asymmetry, small mouth limited opening
-worse of group
-Standard intubation not possible
Basilar skull defects are possible stay out of the noses as possible

Question 14

PALS IV standard

Answer 14

90 seconds or 3 attempts. Then IO

Question 15

Scalp access

Answer 15

Infants only.

22 ga

Question 16

Infant/neonatal blood administration

Answer 16

As soon as blood is available, in comparison to 3:1

Question 17

Estimated Blood volume:
Premature:
Term:
3month-1year:
>1 year:

Answer 17

Premature: 90-100 ml/kg
Term: 80-90 ml/kg
3month-1year: 70-80 ml/kg
>1 year: 70 ml/kg

Question 18

Maximum allowable blood loss

Answer 18

(EBV x (current Hct - minimum acceptable Hct)) / current Hct

minimum acceptable Hct: 28

Question 19

Skull - bones are soft and separated by cartilage until what age?

Answer 19

5