Random Extras

Question 1

Hawthorne effect

Answer 1

Tendency to work harder to perform better in an experiment due to attention received from researchers

Question 2

What is the Thomas theorem?

Answer 2

That the interpretation of a situation causes their reaction

Question 3

In George mead’s concepts of “I” and “me”, what do these terms mean?

Answer 3

I = active aspect of individual, response of individual to attitudes of others, more spontaneous

Me = socialized aspect of individual, how individual believes general society perceived them

Question 4

Yerkes - Dodson Law

Answer 4

People perform best when they are moderately aroused.

Upside down “U” shaped graph with performance on y axis and arousal level on x axis.

Question 5

What psychologist is modeling behavior most associated with?

Answer 5

Albert Bandura, Bo Bo doll experiments

Question 6

What is the elaboration likelihood model?

Answer 6

Explains when people will be influenced by the content of speech and when they will be influenced by other more superficial characteristics

Question 7

What are the 3 characteristics that a listener might be persuaded by?

Answer 7

Message characteristics (logic, number of key points, grammatical complexity, etc.)

Source characteristics (person or venue delivering message)

Target characteristics (characteristics of the person receiving the message)

Question 8

Social Cognitive Theory

Answer 8

Theory of behavior change that emphasizes the interactions between people and their environment

Question 9

What is reciprocal determinism?

Answer 9

The interaction between a person’s behaviors, personal factors and their environment

Question 10

What is the five factor model of trait perspectives? (Costa & McCrae)

ECON A

Answer 10

Extroversion
Neuroticism
Conscientiousness
Openness to experience
Agreeableness

Question 11

Charles Cooley and the looking glass self

Answer 11

A person’s sense of self develops from interactions with others and the perception of others and people shape their self concept based on their understanding of how others perceive them

Question 12

Social behaviorism

Answer 12

The mind and self emerge through process of communicating with others

Question 13

Symbolic interactionism

Answer 13

The mind and self emerge through the social process of communication or use of symbols

Question 14

Generalized other

Answer 14

Common behavioral expectations of general society

Question 15

Sanctions

Answer 15

Rewards and punishments for behaviors that are in accord or against social norms

Question 16

Mores

Answer 16

Norms that are highly important for the benefit of society and are often strictly enforced

Question 17

Folkways

Answer 17

Norms that are less important but shape everyday behavior

Question 18

Subculture

Answer 18

Segment of society that shares a distinct pattern of traditions and values that differ from that of the larger society

Question 19

Actor observer bias

Answer 19

Tendency to blame our actions on the situation and blame the actions of others on their personalities

Question 20

Ethnocentrism

Answer 20

Tendency to judge people from other cultures by the standards of our own culture

Question 21

Cultural relativism

Answer 21

Judging another culture based on its own standards

Question 22

Reference group

Answer 22

A standard measure that people compare themselves to

Question 23

Social facilitation

Answer 23

People perform simple tasks better when other people are present. But presence of others can impair performance when completing more complex tasks.

Question 24

Functionalism

Answer 24

Conceptualizes society as a living organism with many different parts or orcas each of which has a distinct purpose. Focuses on the social functions of different structures by seeing what they contribute to society overall.

Question 25

In functionalism, what is a manifest function?

What is a latent function?

Answer 25

Manifest = intended and obvious consequence of structure

Latent = unintended or less recognizable consequences

Question 26

Conflict theory

Answer 26

Views society as a competition for limited resources and accepts that society will have inequality in distribution of those resources. Those with power and influence will keep it by suppressing ability of others to achieve it.

Question 27

Social Interactionism

Answer 27

Sees society as the buildup of everyday typical interactions, examines relationship between individuals and society by focusing on communication. Sees the individuals as shaping their society.

Question 28

Social constructionism

Answer 28

People actively shape their reality through interaction, therefore reality is something that is constructed not inherent. Focuses on uncovering the ways in which individuals and groups participate in the construction of their perceived reality.

Question 29

Exchange theory

Answer 29

Rooted in economics, cost benefit analysis approach to decision making

Question 30

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Answer 30

Asserts that people understand their world through language and that language in turn shapes how we experience our world

Question 31

Social reproduction

Answer 31

Refers to the structures and activities in place in a society that serve to transmit and reinforce social inequality from one generation to the next