Random Cardio

Question 1

Beck’s triad

Answer 1

distended neck veins
distant heart sounds
hypOtension

Question 2

TOF

Answer 2

RVOT
VSD
overriding aorta
RVH

Question 3

high pulse P

low diastolic P

Answer 3

aortic regurgitation

Question 4

basis of cyanosis in TOF

Answer 4

RV outflow tract obstruction inc RV P req to get blood past obstruction

elevated RV P then cause blood to loss over to LV and into systemic circ (R–> L shunt)

Question 5

RHF signs

Answer 5

LE edema
inc JVP
liver congestion

Question 6

S3

Answer 6

HF

Question 7

LHF signs

Answer 7

DOE
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
orthopnea
rales

Question 8

V-waves found on PCWP tracings

Answer 8

mitral regurgitation

Question 9

lyme carditis primarily causes

Answer 9

heart block

Question 10

most common cause of new systolic heart failure or HFrEF

Answer 10

ischemic heart disease

assess via stress test or coronary angio

Question 11

xs EtOH – which type of CM?

Answer 11

non-ischemic dilated CM

Question 12

AFib presents w/ huge risk of …

Answer 12

stroke

CHADS score det rx

Question 13

adenosine breaks…

Answer 13

AVNRT

Question 14

valsalva maneuver

Answer 14

dec VR
dec preload
dec LV cavity size

terminantes AVNRT/PSVT
makes HCM murmur louder

Question 15

nml QRS axis

Answer 15

-30 - 90

Question 16

R axis deviation

Answer 16

90 - 180

Question 17

L axis deviation

Answer 17

-30 - (-90)

Question 18

orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia

Answer 18

conduction is down the normal path through the AV node and returns to the atrium via the accessory pathway

Question 19

antidromic reciprocating tachycardia

Answer 19

tachycardia travels antegrade (atrium to ventricle) down the bypass tract and ret- rograde (ventricle to atrium) up the AV node (antidromic AVRT).through the accessory pathway

Question 20

____-cartitis presents in acute rheumatic fever

Answer 20

PANcarditis

(1. endocarditis: mitral valve vegetations
2. myocarditis: Aschoff bodies and Anitschow cells, giant cells)
3. pericarditis: friction rub/CP)

Question 21

T or F: vulnerable plaques are hemodynamically significant

Answer 21

F

Often hemodynamically insignificant (50%) until rupture

Question 22

acute rheumatic fever criteria

Answer 22

JONES 
(major)
- migratory polyarthritis (Joints)
- pancarditis 
- subcutaneous Nodules
- erythema marginatum (trunk rash)
- Sydenham chorea

Question 23

sigmata of bacterial endocarditis

Answer 23

roth spots (retina)
osler notes (fingers/toes)
janeway lesions (palms/soles)
spliterhemorrhages (nail beds)

Question 24

doxorubicin

Answer 24

dilated CM

Question 25

In utero, pulmonary circulation is ____ flow, ____ resistance circuit

Answer 25

In utero, pulmonary circulation is LOW flow, HIGH resistance circuit

Question 26

At birth there is a _____ in pulm vascular R, and a _____ partial P of oxygen.

Answer 26

At birth there is a REDUCTION in pulm vascular R, and a HIGHER partial P of oxygen.

Question 27

Loeffler’s syndrome

Answer 27

hyperEOS –> RCM

Question 28

Libmann-Sacks

Answer 28

non-bacterial, thrombotic endocarditis