Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ortho > random > Flashcards

random Flashcards

1
Q

When evaluating for AC joint injury, what xray view should be used along with a shoulder series?

A

A Zanca view can be taken to better visualize the distal clavicle. This is done with the beam 10 to 15 degrees cephalad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

indications for operative management of clavicle fx

A
  • open
  • neurovascular injury
  • skin tenting
  • displacement of > 100%
  • shortening of > 2 cm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

most brachial plexus injuries are associated with clavicle fx of what location

A

medial 1/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Dislocation of medial 1/3 clavicle in what direction is more serious and required operative management along with cardiothoracic surgery consult

A

posterior displacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how do pts with glenohumeral anterior dislocation hold their arm

A

ABducted and external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What view needs to be ordered to catch posterior glenohumeral dislocation?

A

Axillary view

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Regular x-rays may miss posterior glenohumeral dislocations. If evident on radiographs though it may show what?

A
  • internal rotation of the humeral head with a circular appearance (Light bulb sign)
  • widened joint space of > 6 mm
  • 2 parallel cortical bones lines on the medial aspect of the humeral head (trough line sign)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A HAGL injury is a humeral Avulsion of the Glenohumeral Ligaments, particularly which one?

A

Inferior glenohumeral ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What x-ray view is required for diagnosing a bankart lesion

A

West Point view

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a bankart lesion

A

an avulsion of the labrum off the anteroinferior glenoid rim, generally occurring in the setting of should dislocations . . when this is associated with a glenoid rim fx it is bony bankart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Hill-Sachs lesion

A

defect on the posterolateral head of the humerus caused by chondral impaction on the glenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A special Hill-Sach view is used to visualize a hill-sachs lesion . . decribe this view

A

AP radiograph taken with the shoulder in maximal internal rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What classification system can be used on MRI to determine whether surgical intervention would be beneficial in rotator cuff pathology

A

Goutallier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe Goutallier classification of rotator cuff pathology

A
  • grade 1: fatty streaks
  • Grade 2: fat < muscle
  • Grade 3: Fat = muscle
  • Grade 4: fat > muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the rotator interval

A
  • space between the tendons of the supraspinatus and subscapularis
  • consists of superior glenohumeral ligament and the caracohumeral ligament
  • long head of biceps tendon also contributes to stability to this area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A part in a proximal humerus fx is defined if there is > 1 cm of displacement of 45 degrees of angulation . . what is the exception and why?

A
  • The greater tuberosity, which has a tolerance of 5 mm displacement
  • rotator cuff muscles attach there so there may be resultant dysfunction
  • the displacement can result in subacromial impingement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

In humeral shaft fractures, what are the important acceptable tolerances that will not compromise function or appearance

A
  • 20 degrees AP angulation
  • 30 degrees varus-valgus angulation
  • 3 cm shortening
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In elbow dislocation, the LCL fails first, and then, depending on the degree of injury, the MCL. The capsuloligamentous injury progresses from lateral to medial and is termed what?

A

the Hori circle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

describe the operative approach for Galeazzi fx

A
  • anterior Henry approach

- b/t FCR and BR . . internervous plane (radial and median nerves)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In a distal radius fx, a careful neurovascular assessment should be performed with particular attention to what nerve function

A

median

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The greatest influence on outcome following a distal radius fx is what

A

carpal alignment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the Kanavel cardinal signs which indicate the presence of infectious tenosynovitis of flexor tendon sheaths

A
  • pain with extension of digit
  • passive flexion of the digit
  • Fusiform (sausage-like) swelling
  • Tenderness over the tendon sheath
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the scaphoid view to catch scaphoid fx

A
  • 30 degrees wrist extension

- 20 degrees ulnar deviation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

A scapholunate gap greater than what is a significant finding on x-ray?
What is this called?

A
  • 3 mm

- Terry Thomas sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The week spot b/t the scaphoid and lunate due to a lack of ligamentoous stability is called what

A

space of Poirier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The classic appearance of a patient with a posterior hip dislocation is what?

A

flexion, internal rotation, adduction

27
Q

what percent of the femoral head is covered by the acetabulum at any position

A

40%

28
Q

What muscles insert on the greater trochanter

A
  • piriformis
  • glut medius
  • glut minimus
  • obturator internus
  • superior gemellus
29
Q

Fasciotomy to release the anterior/posterior compartments of the thigh should be done from where?

A

lateral aspect

30
Q

medial/adductor compartment fasciotomy is done from what approach

A

medial

31
Q

What are the borders of the Adductor Canal (Hunter’s Canal)

A
  • Sartorius
  • Vastus medialus
  • Adductor longus
32
Q

Surgical intervention is usually indicated when in patellar fractures

A
  • when there is articular displacement
  • gapping > 2 mm
  • loss of the extensor mechanism
33
Q

Describe blumensaat’s line

A

On lateral x-ray, line projects from the roof of the intercondylar notch anteriorly and should line up with the lower pole of the patella. assessed by a radiograph with the knee flexed at 30 degrees

34
Q

normal Q angle

A

13 to 18 degrees

35
Q

Which tibial plateau fx would you consider an angiogram

A

medial . . Schatzker IV

36
Q

Describe the parameters of tibial plateau fx that are consider non-displaced and a knee brace or cast can be implemented

A

< 3 mm step off or < 5 mm gapping

37
Q

The structures passing posterior to the medial malleolus are important to understand, especially during ORIF procedures. What is the mnemonic and structures

A
  • Tom Dick And Nervous Harry
  • Tibialis posterior
  • Flexor digitorum longus
  • posterior tibial Artery
  • Tibial Nerve
  • Flexor Hallucis longus
38
Q

The common peroneal nerve runs where in relation to the lateral malleolus

A

12 cm proximal

39
Q

what is a Tillaux fracture

A

an avulsion fracture of the distal tibia by the AITFL

40
Q

what is a LeForte-Wagstaffe fx

A

avulsion fx to distal fibula

41
Q

What is a curbstone fx

A

avulsion fx of posterior malleolus

42
Q

What are the 2 important attachments to the fibular head

A
  • LCL

- biceps femoris

43
Q

fx of lateral process of talus

A

snowboarder’s fx

44
Q

What is the normal boehler’s angle

A

20-40 degrees

45
Q

Normal Gissane (crucial) angle

A

130-145 degrees

46
Q

Lisfranc injury (tarsometatarsal fx-dislocation) is a condition characterized by what?

A

disruption b/t the medial cuneiform and the base of the 2nd metatarsal

47
Q

x-ray findings in Lisfranc injury

A

> 2 mm space b/t 2nd metatarsal base and cuneiform

  • this is an indication for surgical fixation
  • A fleck sign may also be noticed on radiograph, which is a small bony fragment in the space, indicating an avulsion of the Lisfranc ligament
48
Q

The Lisfranc ligament tightens with what movement of forefoot

A

pronation and abductiond

49
Q

where does an achilles tendon rupture typically occur

A

about 3 cm above insertion . . . watershed area

50
Q

Radiograph to look at Hill-Sachs lesion

A

-Stryker notch or Axillary lateral

51
Q

describe stryker notch view

A

hand on head, 10 degrees cephalic tilt

52
Q

radiograph to look for bony bankart

A

-West point

53
Q

describe a west point view of shoulder

A
  • Prone, beam to axilla

- looks at anterior inferior glenoid

54
Q

describe supraspinatus outlet view and what it looks for

A
  • Scapular Y with 10 degrees caudal tilt

- Acromion morphology

55
Q

methods for reducing anterior shoulder dislocation

A
  • Stimson
  • Milch
  • Hippocratic
56
Q

Describe the stimson maneuver for reducing anterior shoulder dislocation

A
  • patient prone on table with affected limb hanging freely over edge
  • 10-15 lb weight suspended from wrist
  • gradual traction overcomes muscle spasm and in most cases achieves reduction in 20-25 minutes
57
Q

Describe milch maneuver for reducing anterior shoulder dislocation

A
  • patient supine
  • steady downward traction applied at elbow
  • combined with slow, gradual external rotation and abduction of limb
58
Q

describe hippocratic maneuver for reducing anterior shoulder dislocation

A
  • patient supine on table
  • examiner places sole of foot (shoe removed) against patients axillary fold for countertraction, grasps patient’s wrist with both hands, and applies steady longitudinal traction.
59
Q

Borders of triangular space?

A
  • Teres minor
  • Teres major
  • Long head of triceps
60
Q

structures in Triangular space?

A

-circumflex scapular artery

61
Q

borders of quadrangular space?

A
  • Teres minor
  • Teres major
  • long head of triceps
  • Medial border of humerus
62
Q

Structures in quadrangular space?

A
  • Axillary nerve
  • Posterior circumflex artery
  • Humeral artery
63
Q

Borders of triangular interval?

A
  • Teres major
  • Triceps (long head)
  • Triceps (lateral head)
64
Q

Structures in triangular interval?

A
  • Radial nerve

- Deep artery of arm

Ortho (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions