Radius Flashcards
Which is longer radius or ulna?
Radius is the shorter bone
Which is the lateral bone of forearm?
Radius
Why called radius?
Can rotate relative to ulna
Radius articulates with which part of humerus?
With the capitulum
At distal end the radius articulate with which wrist bones?
Scaphoid and lunate
Where is radioulnar joint formed?
Where radius articulates with ulna at radial notch of ulna
The cord that connects radius to ulna?
Oblique cord
Name the 2 ligaments of radius?
- Annular ligament of radius (surrounds the head of radius to keep it in place)
- Radial Collateral ligament (btw lateral epicondyle of humerus and annular ligament)
Styloid process of anterior surface of radius should be at which side?
Lateral - away from body (towards thumb)
Pronation and supination of forearm is due to?
Radioulnar joints- as radius rotates
What is nursemaid’s elbow?
When radius gets forced out of annular ligament - Radial head subluxation
Common in young children at the age of 2-5
What is the difference between a radial head subluxation and a dislocation?
A person with a radial head subluxation has a partial dislocation, where the annular ligament that holds the radial bone in place at the elbow has slipped over the top of the bone. A dislocation is where the affected bone is forced completely out of position.
What are the supinators of forearm?
2 supinators:
1.The biceps brachii (attach to radial tuberosity)
2. Supinator at the back (originates on ulna and wraps around proximal radius)
What are the pronators of forearm?
2 pronators:
1. Pronator Teres (proximally)
2. Pronator Quadratus (distally)
How many surfaces of radius?
3:
1. Anterior
2. Posterior
3. Lateral
How many borders of radius?
3:
1. Anterior
2. Posterior
3. Interosseous
In the middle of the lateral surface of radius there’s a site for attachment of which muscle?
Pronator teres mucle
Styloid process is formed by which side of radius?
Lateral
Ulnar notch is present on which side??
Medially
Name the fractures of forearm bones?
Radius
- Colles fracture (dorsal angulation )
- Fracture of the radial head
- Smith’s fracture (palmar angulation)
Radius & Ulna
- Monteggia (proximal ulna + radial head)
- Galeazzi (distal radius + ulnar head at distal radioulnarjoint)
What is colle’s fracture?
Colle D😎
-most common
Fall onto an outstretched hand
Causing fracture of the distal radius
-
Dinner fork deformity
(Dorsally displaced) - structures distal to the fracture (wrist & hand) displaced posteriorly
Radius and Ulna are attached by?
Interosseus membrane that transmits the force of trauma between them
Which nerve is damaged during Colles fracture?
Median Nerve gets compressed between radial fragments leading to Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
What is Monteggia fracture?
M-monteggia
U-proximal Ulnar fracture
R-radial head dislocates
-Proximal shaft of ulna is fractured
-Head of radius dislocates
What is Galeazzi fracture?
+Fracture of Distal Radius
-ulna head dislocates
What is Smith’s fracture?
- Falling on Back of hand
- Distal fragment displaced Anteriorly
-Opposite of Colles fracture
Dorsal angulation of the distal bone fragment?
Colle’s fracture
Palmar angulation of distal bone fragment?
Smith’s fracture
Difference between smith and colle’s fracture?
A Smith fracture is caused by a fall onto the back of the hand and results in a volar angulation of the wrist, while a Colles fracture is caused by a fall onto the palm of the hand and results in a dorsal angulation of the wrist.
Difference between montaggia and galeazzi?
A Monteggia fracture involves a fracture of the proximal ulna and a dislocation of the radial head.
A Galeazzi fracture involves a fracture of the distal radius and dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint.
.
What is compartment syndrome?
Compartment syndrome is a condition in which pressure builds up within a confined space in the body, causing pain, swelling, and tissue damage.
Constricts blood vessels.
On the posterior surface of radius which turbercle is present?
Dorsal tubercle
What groove is present on the medial side of the dorsal tubercle?
Groove for tendon of extensor pollicis longus
