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Anatomy > Humerus > Flashcards

Humerus Flashcards

1
Q

Common site for fracture of humerus?

A

Surgical neck

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2
Q

How many necks of humerus?

A

2:
1- Anatomical Neck
2- Surgical Neck

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3
Q

The surgical neck of humerus is in close contact with which two structures?

A

1- Axillary Nerve
2- Posterior Humeral Circumflex Artery

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4
Q

Lateral epicondyle of humerus is lateral to which structure?

A

Capitulum

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5
Q

Capitulum is seen in posterior or anterior view of humerus?

A

Anterior

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6
Q

Lateral epicondyl gives attachment to?

A

Extensor muscles of the forearm

(LatEx)

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7
Q

Medial epicondyl serves as an origin point for?

A

Flexor muscles of forearm

(Mid AF)

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8
Q

Radius articulates with which part of humerus?

A

Capitulum

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9
Q

Ulna articulates with which part of humerus?

A

Trochlea

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10
Q

Olecrannon fossa is present in anterior or poseterior side?

A

Posterior

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11
Q

Condyles of humerus?

A

There are 2:
1- Medial
2- Lateral

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12
Q

What separates head of humerus from greater and lesser tuberosities?

A

Anatomical neck

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13
Q

Greater tuberosity is situated laterally or medially?

A

Laterally

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14
Q

Greater tuberosity of humerus serves as an attachment site for insertion of which 3 muscles?

A

3 of the 4 Rotator Cuff muscles:
1. Supraspinatous (on superior facet of greater tuberosity)
2. Infraspinatous (on middle)
3. Teres minor (on inferior)

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15
Q

How many surfaces of greater and lesser tuberosity?

A

-Greater (anterior + posterior)
-Lesser (only anterior)

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16
Q

Lesser Tuberosity of humerus provides attachment site for which muscle?

A

One of the rotator cuff muscle:
-Subscapularis

17
Q

The 2 tuberosities are separated by?

A

A groove:
Intertuberculur sulcus or bicipital groove

Tendon of long head of biceps brachii runs through this groove

18
Q

Deltoid tuberosity is on which side of shaft of humerus?

A

Lateral side

19
Q

Radial(or spiral) groove is present on anterior or posterior surface of humerus?

A

Posterior

20
Q

What structures lie in radial groove?

A
  1. Radial nerve
  2. Profunda brachii Artery
21
Q

What muscles anteriorly attach with shaft of humerus?

A

Origin

  1. Brachialis
  2. Brachioradialis
    Insertion
  3. Deltoid
  4. Choracobrachilalis
22
Q

What muscles posteriorly attach with shaft of humerus?

A

Medial and lateral head of triceps

Anconeus muscle

23
Q

Midshaft fracture causes ?

A

Wrist drop:
Unoppsed flexion of wrist

24
Q

Midshaft fracture of humerus results in damge to?

A
  1. Radial nerve
  2. Profunda Brachii Artery
25
Q

What structures does radial nerve innervates?

A

Extensors of the wrists

26
Q

Groove for ulnar nerve is present near? And on which surface?

A

On the posterior aspect of medial epicondyl

27
Q

Name the 3 depressions on distal portion of the humerus?

A
  1. Coronoid fossa(medial) over trochlea
  2. Radial fossa (lateral) over capitulum
  3. Olecrannon fossa
28
Q

What nerves and arteries are damaged in supracondylar fracture?

A

1.Brachial Artery is damaged

Or

  1. Damage to anterior interosserous nerve(branch of the median nerve),
    Ulnar nerve or
    Radial nerve
29
Q

What are the results of supracondylar fracture?

A

Damage to brachial artery

The resulting ischemia can cause:
Volksmann’s ischemic Contracture
- uncontrolled flexion of hand- as flexor muscles become fibrotic and short

  • clawlike deformity of hand, fingers and wrists
30
Q

How can anterior interosseous nerve damage be tested?

A

By asking the patient to make OK sign, testing for weakness of flexor pollicis longus

31
Q

How is supracondylar fracture treated?

A

By Gartland Classification
1.Type - I: is minimally displaced
2. Type - II: is displaced but with intact posterior cortex
3. Type - III: is completely off-ended

Type 1 can be treated conservatively with above elbow cast

Type 2 & 3 require surgical fixation with crossed bicortical k wires

32
Q

Which is the longest bone of upperlimb?

A

Humerus

33
Q

Position of greater and lesser tubercle laterally and medially?

A

Greater tubercle- lateral to the head

Lesser tubercle- inferior to the head and medial to the greater tubercle

34
Q

Deltoid tuberosity is present?

A

Laterally

35
Q

What is tennis elbow?

A

Inflammation of extensor tendon is termed as lateral epicondylitis or tennis elbow

36
Q

Where does ulnar nerve passes from?

A

Crosses the posterior surface of medial epicondyl
In the ulnar groove

37
Q

What is the funny bone response?

A

When u hit your elbow Contact of ulnar nerve against the medial epicondyl of humerus results in tingling sensations in medial border of hand and fifth digit

Anatomy (7 decks)

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