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Reproduction > Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy of Gynaecological Cancers > Flashcards

Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy of Gynaecological Cancers Flashcards

1
Q

What is the BEAT acronym?

A

B-bloating that is persistent and doesn’t come and go
E- eating less and feeling fuller
A- abdominal pain
T- tell your GP

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2
Q

What should all women with non-mucinous ovarian or fallopian tube cancer be offered?

A

BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation testing

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3
Q

What should women with ovarian cancer who have FHx of breast, ovarian or colon cancer have?

A

Genetic risk assessment

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4
Q

What should women with genetic mutations of BRCA1 and 2 genes be offered?

A

Prophylactic oophorectomy and removal of fallopian tubes at a relevant time of their life

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5
Q

In the RMI score, what US features constitute a score?

A 
Multilocular cyst
Solid areas
Bilateral lesions
Ascites
Intra-abdominal mets
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6
Q

In the RMI score, how is the US section scored?

A

0=No abnormalities
1= One abnormality
2= Two or more abnormalities

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7
Q

In the menopausal section of the RMI, how is it scored?

A

Premenopausal=1

Postmenopausal=3

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8
Q

What RMI score constitutes referral?

A

> 200

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9
Q

What are the patterns of ovarian cancer spread?

A

Transcoelomic spread/peritoneal seeding within pelvis-> abdo cavity
Haematogenous spread- late and rare
Brain mets <2%

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10
Q

What may be appropriate in selected patients with relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer which is platinum sensitive?

A

2’ cytoreductive surgery- aim to completely resect all macroscopic disease

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11
Q

What response rate does ovarian cancer have to chemo?

A

60-70%
Carboplatin/paclitaxel
Relapse rates high

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12
Q

What chemo is used at initial presentation?

A

Platinum/paclitaxel

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13
Q

What chemo is used in the relapse stage?

A

Caelyx
Plat/pac
Topotecan

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14
Q

What chemo is used palliatively?

A 
Carboplatin
Paclitaxel
Etoposide
Caelyx
Topotecan
Gemcitabine
Chlorambucil
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15
Q

What should all women with high grade early stage ovarian cancer be considered for?

A

Adjuvant chemo

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16
Q

Patients who are unfit for combination (chemo)therapy should be offered what?

A

Single agent carboplatin

17
Q

Can a third cytotoxic agent be added to carboplatin and paclitaxel?

A

No

18
Q

What should women with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer be treated with?

A

Platinum based combination with paclitaxel, PLDH or gemcitabine

19
Q

What can hormonal therapy with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor be used for?

A

Women with recurrent, platinum-resistant, ovarian cancer or in those wishing to avoid or delay further chemotherapy, particularly where their original tumour is expressing the oestrogen receptor

20
Q

What should patients with low-grade serous, clear cell and mucinous histological subtypes be considered for?

A

Chemotherapy clinical trials

21
Q

What are some factors in the aetiology of cervical cancer?

A 
HPV
Smoking
Age of onset of intercourse
'High risk' male
OCP
Multiple partners
22
Q

How is cervical cancer staged?

A 
Stage 1a – microscopic
Stage 1b visible lesion
Stage 2 a – vaginal involvement
2b parametrial involvement
Stage 3 lower vagina or pelvic sidewall
Stage 4 bladder/rectum or metastases
23
Q

What are some treatments for cervical cancer?

A

Surgery-LLETZ, Fertility Sparing, Wertheim
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy

24
Q

Describe radiotherapy in cervical cancer

A

High energy x-rays
Targeted to include tumour +-nodes
External bream
Brachytherapy

25
Q

What chemo drugs can be used in cervical cancer treatment?

A

Cisplatin- 40mg/m2 weekly

Carboplatin/paclitaxol

26
Q

What is brachytherapy?

A

Radioactive seeds or sources are placed in or near the tumor itself, giving a high radiation dose to the tumor while reducing the radiation exposure in the surrounding healthy tissues.

27
Q

How is endometrial cancer treated?

A

TAH BSO Washings
Debate over lymphadenectomy
Adjuvant radiotherapy- vault brachytherapy, external bream
Adjuvant chemo- depending on grade

Reproduction (40 decks)

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