Healthy Term Infant

Question 1

What is the average male weight and %fat at 28 wks and term?

Answer 1

1150g, 3.5% fat
3550g, 15% fat
Daily weight gain of 24g

Question 2

How much fat is gained per day in the last 4 weeks of gestation?

Answer 2

7g

Question 3

What transplacental transfer of nutrients and chemicals occur in the 3T?

Answer 3

Iron
Vitamins
Calcium
Phosphate
Antibodies

Question 4

What is the normal term weight?

Answer 4

2.5-4kg

Question 5

What can prevent an infant from surviving labour?

Answer 5

Hypoxic environment during contractions
Prolonged labour reduces fetal reserves
Placental insufficiency
Growth restriction or excess

Question 6

What enhances adaptation?

Answer 6

Increased cortisol and adrenaline

Question 7

What helps release O2 in the neonate?

Answer 7

Fetal Hb

Question 8

What occurs/is done in the first few minutes of life?

Answer 8

First breath/cry
Alveolar expansion
Decreased pulmonary arterial pressure
Change from fetal to newborn circulation
Increased PaO2
Apgar score

Question 9

What is assessed in Apgar?

Answer 9

Appearance- Colour
Pulse- HR
Grimace- Responsiveness
Activity- Tone
Respiratory

Question 10

What can cause morbidity in haemolytic disease of the newborn?

Answer 10

GI, Lung or CNS complications

Question 11

What infections are screened for in the newborn?

Answer 11

Hep B- vaccination, Ig
Hep C
HIV
TB- BCG
Group B strep- antibiotic prophylaxis
Syphilis- treatment?
Gonococcus- treatment?

Question 12

What vaccines are given to infants?

Answer 12

Hep B at birth
BCG 1st month
Routine vaccinations at 8 wks
(Maternal whooping cough and flu vaccines)

Question 13

What screening tests are conducted at/soon after birth?

Answer 13

Universal hearing screening
Hip screening- clinical and USS
CF
Metabolic- thyroid, MCCAD, PKU, haemoglobinopathies

Question 14

In the newborn exam, what is assessed at the head?

Answer 14

OFC
Moulding
Overlapping sutures
Fontanelles
Cephalohaematoma
Caput succedaneum
Ventouse/forceps marks

Question 15

In the newborn exam, what is assessed at the eyes?

Answer 15

Size
Red reflex
Conjunctival haemorrhage
Squints - frequent

Question 16

In the newborn exam, what is assessed at the ears?

Answer 16

Position
External auditory canal
Family history of hearing loss
Tags/pits

Question 17

In the newborn exam, what is assessed at the mouth?

Answer 17

Shape
Philtrum
Tongue tie
Palate
Neonatal teeth
Ebsteins pearls
Sucking/rooting reflex

Question 18

In the newborn exam, what is assessed at the face?

Answer 18

Facial palsy

Dysmorphism

Question 19

In the newborn exam, what parts of the respiratory system are assessed?

Answer 19

Chest shape 
Nasal flaring
Grunting
Tachypnoea
In-drawing
Breath sounds

Question 20

In the newborn exam, what parts of the cardiovascular system are assessed?

Answer 20

Colour
Saturation – SaO2
Pulses: femoral
Apex/thrills
Heart sounds

Question 21

In the newborn exam, what parts of the GI system are assessed?

Answer 21

Moves with respiration
Distension
Bile stained vomiting
Passage of meconuim
Anus

Question 22

In the newborn exam, what parts of the genitourinary system are assessed?

Answer 22

Normal passage of urine
Normal genitalia
Undescended testes
Hypospadius

Question 23

In the newborn exam, what parts of the musculoskeletal system are assessed?

Answer 23

Limbs and digits
Movement
Contractures
Spine
Sacral dimples
Hip examination
Ortolani/Barlow

Question 24

In the newborn exam, what parts of the neurological system are assessed?

Answer 24

Posture
Tone
Movement
Reflexes

Question 25

In the newborn exam, what is the skin assessed for?

Answer 25

Dryness/cracking
Milia
Birth marks
Erythema toxicum