Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Ongoing Meical Care > Radiology > Flashcards

Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different imaging modalities

A 
Xray
Computed Tomography 
Magnetic Resonance 
Ultrasound 
Nuclear Medicine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Five Basic radiographic densities for Xray and the color

A 
Air (Darkest) 
Fat (Less Dark) 
Fluid/ Blood/ Soft Tissue (Gray) 
Bone (White) 
Metal/Contrast (Most White)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How are X ray used?

A

A single pulse of Ionizing Radiation

Radiation is low dose but some have more radiation than others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is X ray good and bad for?

A

Good: Bones and Airspaces
Bad: Soft tissue and Overlapping structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does X ray represent an object

A

Two dimensional representation of a three dimensional object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a X Ray AP abbreviation and who is it used for

A

Anteroposterior (Front to back)

Non-Ambulatory Patients. Unable to stand or sit
Lower Quality
Back is placed next to the film

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the X ray LAT Abbreviation and what is it used for?

A

Lateral View (Side View)

Usually taken in conjunction with a PA view
Allows viewing of structures behind the heart (mediastinum) and provides three dimensional image

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is X ray OBL abbreviation and when is it used for?

A

Oblique

At an angle used mostly on limbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does X ray PA abbreviation stand for and when is it used?

A

Posteroanterior (Back to front) used in Chest X rays

Objects that is closer to the film has sharper borders
Chest next to the film thereby placing most of the important structures closer to the film (Heart and great vessels)
Heart size is minimally magnified and borders are sharp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does Computed Tomography capture their picture

A

Emits Radiation
Shows in black, white and gray depending on density

Uses: Multiple pulses (shots) of ionizing radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

For CT, how strong is the radiation dose

A

Radiation is high doses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Gold Standard for evaluating sever trauma and mainly intra abdominal disease

A

Computed Tomography (CT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is CT good for

A

Bone, airspaces, some soft tissue and overlapping structures (especially in trauma and abdomen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are CT bad for

A

Some soft tissues (nerves, muscle, connective tissue), patients with retained metallic objects (artifacts)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the CT Views

A

Sagittal/Median (Sides/Left to right)
Coronal (Front to back)
Axial or Transverse or Cross-sectional (Top to bottom)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Uses of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A

Use Electromagnetism and radio frequency properties

No exposure to ionizing radiation but time consuming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MRI are good for?

A

Soft Tissue (nerves, muscles, connective tissue, brain, joints)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

MRI are bad for

A

People who cannot hold still or have ferrous metal in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MR views are identical to what

A

Computed Tomography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the uses of ultrasound

A

determine cholecystitis and pregnancy. Echocardiogram
No radiation, Cant go very deep. Using Sound waves

Operator dependent
Image produced is a focused segment of the object
rapid and portable

21
Q

Ultrasounds are good for

A

Determining Fluid vs Solids
Abdominopelvic imaging (gallbladder, kidneys, uterus, testis)
Assessing blood flow (Doppler)

22
Q

Ultrasounds are bad for

A

Things under bone (chest) and air filled chambers, deep things

23
Q

Ultrasounds views

A

Longitudinal (Same as sagittal)

Transverse (same as axial)

24
Q

What do nuclear medicine use for their agent

A

Radioactive agent/radioactive tracer. Given IV

25
What are nuclear medicine good for
Detecting normal or abnormal physiologic process. Function and bone lesions Thyroid nodules Parathyroid images Renal Images Pulmonary Embolism
26
What is nuclear medicine bad for
Determining Anatomy. Showing less anatomic details
27
What is a Oblique Fx
Has angulated fracture line
28
What is a transverse fx
Runs perpendicular to the shaft of the bone
29
Spiral fx
Has a multipolar and complex facture line
30
Overriding fx
One bone is displaced over the other
31
Distraction Fx
Fragments are separated by a gap
32
Torus fx
Looks like a bump classified as incomplete fx seen in children
33
Greenstick fx
fx by bending like a green twig classified as incomplete fx seen in children
34
Comminuted Fx
Have more than two fracture fragments
35
What are you looking for in A
Airway/Trachea: Midline and patent | Airspace: Blood vessels go all the way to the vessel, and patches of white?
36
What are you looking for in B
Clavicles, Ribs, Pectoral girdle, spine: Alignment, symmetry, and fractures
37
What are you looking for in C
Cardiac Silhouette Transverse Diameter of the silhouette should not exceed 50% of the transverse diameter of the thoracic cage called Cardiothoracic ratio (only PA films) AP Films magnify the heart Shallow inspiration makes the heart horizontal and larger Cardiac Borders
38
What are you looking for in D
Diaphragm Should be dome-shaped Right hemidiaphragm is higher than or equal to the left Checking the costophrenic angles (sulcus) dark and sharp pointed (Upside down cat ears)
39
What are you looking for in E
Everything else Looking for gastric bubble EKG leads, lines, tubing and other missed items
40
When to order an image
1. Imaging should confirm a suspicion 2. Image should impact your treatment 3. Request should include relevant and brief patient history with the purpose of the evaluation
41
What are the Ottawa ankle rules
- Pain in the malleolar zone AND - Has bone tenderness at the posterior edge (6mm) of the lateral or medial malleolus OR - Inability to bear weight both immediately after the injury and for four steps in the exam room.
42
When can a patient bare weight for their ankle
- Can transfer weight twice to each foot | - Patient limps
43
Ottawa rules for the foot
- Pain in the midfoot region AND - Has bone tenderness at the base of the 5th metatarsal or navicular OR - Inability to bear weight both immediately after the injury and for four steps in the exam room
44
What are some suspicion of stress fx
- X-ray may be normal initially - If initial imaging is neg and there is suspicion for stress fx, MRI is the preferred choice - X-rays can be repeated in 10-14 days, if the area of concerns does not involve the pelvis or hip
45
Gold standard imaging for trauma
Computed Tomography CT
46
Knee series is indicated if:
``` Age >55 yo Isolated tenderness of the patella Tenderness at the head of the fibula Inability to flex the knee to 90 degrees Weight bearing rules ```
47
Shoulder and Hand imaging should be considered when:
Traumatic Cause Presence of sever pain Loss of range of motion
48
What makes the three articulations of the elbow
Radiohumeral Ulnohumeral Radioulnar (Proximal radioulnar joint)

Ongoing Meical Care (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions