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8AP Science > Radioactivity > Flashcards

Radioactivity Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition of isotopes

A

Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

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2
Q

Definition of stable

A

Describes a nucleus that does not change spontaneously. The protons and neutrons in the nucleus are held together strongly.

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3
Q

Definition of unstable

A

Describes an atom in which the neutrons and protons are not held together strongly.

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4
Q

Definition of radioisotopes

A

A radioactive form of an isotope

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5
Q

Definition of nuclear radiation

A

Radiation from the nucleus of an atom, consisting of alpha or beta particles, or gamma rays.

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6
Q

Definition of alpha particles

A

Positively charged nucleus of helium atoms, with 2 protons and 2 neutrons.

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7
Q

Definition of beta particles

A

Charged particles with the same size and mass as electrons.

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8
Q

Definition of gamma rays

A

High-energy electromagnetic radiation produced during nuclear reactions. They have no mass and travel at the speed of light.

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9
Q

Definition of half-life

A

The time taken for half the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay (change into atoms of a different element).

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10
Q

Definition of cosmic radiation

A

Naturally occurring background radiation from outer space.

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11
Q

Reactants

A

The left side of a chemical formula

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12
Q

Products

A

The right side of a chemical formula

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13
Q

Combustion reaction

A

A chemical formula that involves oxygen (O2) on both sides

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14
Q

Decomposition reaction

A

The reactant has one compound, and the product has multiple.

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15
Q

Synthesis

A

The reactant has multiple compounds, and the product has one

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16
Q

Single Displacement

A

When an atom of a pure element replace one in a compound.

17
Q

Double Displacement

A

When two atoms in a formula are swapped

18
Q

Acid base reaction

A

When the product involves H2O or water

19
Q

Exothermic reactions

A

Chemical reactions that release energy

20
Q

Endothermic reactions

A

Chemical reactions that absorbs energy

21
Q

Precipitation reaction

A

When two liquids form a solid

8AP Science (10 decks)

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