Radio Comm/Canine Enc/Juvenile/

Question 1

define hazardous material

Answer 1

A substance or material capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, or property when transported in commerce. The term includes hazardous substances, hazardous wastes, marine pollutants, elevated temperature materials, and materials designated as hazardous in the Hazardous Materials Table

Question 2

The DOT has identified how many hazard classes?

Answer 2

The DOT has identified nine hazard classes based on the dangers posed in transportation

Question 3

What does the acronym RAIN stand for?

Answer 3

• R:recognize the presence of a CBRNE threat.
• A: avoid contamination/exposure to the threat.
• I: isolate the threat and immediate area.
• N: notify the appropriate response agency.recognize the threat
  avoid contact/contamination
  isolate the affected area
  notify the appropriate response unit

Question 4

The DOT has also defined a system for classifying hazardous materials, what is it?

Answer 4

A hazard class is a group of hazardous materials that share dangerous characteristics. The DOT has identified nine hazard classes based on the dangers posed in transportation

Question 5

A simplified form of definition for hazardous materials is CBRNE, explain it.

Answer 5

CBRNE breaks down the overall idea of hazardous materials to basic components, each of which has a shared hazard to human life. Those components are:
o Chemical
o Biological
o Radiation
o Nuclear
o Explosive

Question 6

What are Toxic/Poisonous Substances?

Answer 6

• Manmade materials that may cause injury or death to living organisms. These may exist as solids, liquids, or gasses.
  Examples include:
• Toxic Industrial Materials/Toxic Industrial Chemicals (Chlorine, Acetone, Benzene, Mercury, etc.) Agricultural Chemicals (Pesticides, Insecticides, Ammonia, etc.)
• Chemical Warfare Agents (Nerve Agents, Vesicants)
• Other Chemical Agents (Riot Control, Irritants, etc.)
• Some controlled substances (Fentanyl, Cocaine, Anesthetics, etc.)

Question 7

What are Flammable Substances?

Answer 7

Materials that have a high hazard due to ease of ignition, high burning temperature, or difficulty in extinguishment. These materials exist as solids, liquids, or gasses.
Examples include:
* Liquids- Gasoline, Diesel fuel, Alcohol.
* Gasses- Propane, Butane, Hydrogen
* Solids- Magnesium, Aluminum powder, Zinc, Sodium
Note: Some flammable solids react violently when in contact with water and may self-ignite if they become wet.

Question 8

What are Oxidizers?

Answer 8

A group of chemicals that do not burn on their own, but when in combination with other chemicals may cause them to burn or burn at a higher-than-normal temperature. These chemicals can cause materials that would not ordinarily catch fire to begin to burn readily.
Examples include:
* Oxygen, Hydrogen Peroxide, some Halogens

Question 9

What are Corrosives/Acids?

Answer 9

Chemical materials that may attack and destroy living tissue, such as skin. Some of these materials may also attack and destroy through chemical reaction - metals, glass, or plastics.
Examples include:
* Sulfuric Acid, Nitric Acid, Acetic Acid, Ammonium Hydroxide, Sodium Hydroxide

Question 10

Describe the basic procedures for safeguarding lives at a CBRNE event using the RAIN acronym.

Answer 10

Recognize the Presence of CBRNE Threat
* Observations (Odors, noises, wind direction, placards, signs, etc.)
* Assessment (Hazard level, casualties, need for additional resources, etc.)
* Plan (Response, exit strategy, precautions, etc.)
* Communicate (Dispatch, casualties, good Samaritans, etc.)
* Respond (Establish perimeter, first aid, enable Incident Command System (ICS), etc.)
Avoid Exposure
* Stay uphill, upwind from the incident.
* Use distance and physical barriers to protect yourself from exposure.
* Remain alert for changes in wind direction or the behavior of the material.
Isolate
* Set a perimeter around the exposed area.
* Be sure to communicate the location of the perimeter.
* Limit spread of contamination when moving people that are potentially contaminated.
* Establish safe travel routes for the public.
* Enforce perimeter security.
Notify the Appropriate Agency
* Stay outside of designated perimeter.
* Remain upwind.
* Wait for qualified assistance.

Question 11

Describe radioactive materials/nuclear radiation and its types

Answer 11

applications and uses of various ionizing radiation sources.
* Alpha Particles
* Beta Particles
* Gamma Rays
* X-Ray
* Neutron Particles

Question 12

What is Discuss explosive materials?

Answer 12

• An explosive is generally a material that burns or decomposes quickly releasing a large amount of heat and gas in a short time resulting in a shock wave.
  Common Explosives:
• Black Powder
• PETN
• TNT/Dynamite
• C4
• ANFO (Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil)

Question 13

Identify common routes of exposure for CBRNE materials.

Answer 13

Inhalation
* Describe aerosols (Dry and/or wet particles/droplets that behave like a gas)
Absorption
* Skin: Vulnerable to many chemicals but, not vulnerable to many biological threats unless there is an open wound (See Injection)
* Eyes
* Mucous Membranes: Nostrils, lips, etc.
Ingestion
* Primary: Eating/drinking contaminated product
* Secondary: Transferring contaminated product to mouth, usually through an inanimate object. Example: Ballpoint pen
Injection
* Puncture
* Cut/Abrasion
* Insect/Pest: Usually biological

Question 14

Identify sources to obtain on-site information about hazardous materials being transported.

Answer 14

Instructor Note: Have the Emergency Response Guidebook available for student reference dealing with placard and label information. Discuss with students.
On-Site Information
* Warnings and Indicators
o Shipping manifests
o Placards
o Labels
* Interviews
o Driver, others involved in transportation of materials
o Witnesses
o Victims
* Communications
o Texas Law Enforcement Telecommunications System (TLETS)
o Shipper at point-of-origin

Question 15

Describe the levels of PPE protection

Answer 15

Personal Protection and Decontamination
Levels of Personal Protection
* Level D (Uniform, gloves, mask, etc.)
* Level C (Air-purifying respirator, chemical resistant clothing, double-layered gloves, etc.)
* Level B (SCBA + Level C)
* Level A (fully encapsulated)

Question 16

Whare are the Decontamination Concepts?

Answer 16

• “End the Exposure!”
• Remove
• Dilute
• Absorb
• Neutralize
• Isolate

Question 17

What is The National Incident Management System (NIMS)

Answer 17

It is a systematic, proactive approach to guide departments and agencies at all levels of government, nongovernmental organizations, and the private sector to work together seamlessly and manage incidents involving all threats and hazards—regardless of cause, size, location, or complexity—in order to reduce loss of life, property, and harm to the environment.

Question 18

Describe the Incident Command System.

Answer 18

Management system designed to enable effective and efficient domestic incident management by integrating a combination of facilities, equipment, personnel, procedures, and communications operating within a common organizational structure.
* Purposes of the ICS: Used for agencies to be able to work together much more efficiently during an incident.
* Integrated organizational structure: A system used to coordinate emergency preparedness and incident management among various federal, state, and local agencies.
* ICS as a part of NIMS: A standardized on-scene emergency management of resources during incidents. The ICS model is used by jurisdictions and agencies, both public and private, to organize field-level incident-management operations.

Question 19

What is the difference between a Secure Correctional Facility & a Secure Detention Facility

Answer 19

Secure detention facilities are meant to provide short-term confinement for pre-adjudicated youth, and secure correctional facilities are meant to serve youth that have been adjudicated delinquent for an offense that would be considered a crime if the youth were an adult—