Radiation Physics and X-ray Machine Flashcards
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space
What is the fundamental unit of matter?
Atom
What are the three components of an atom?
- Proton, in the nucleus
- Neutron, in the nucleus
- Electron, in electron orbits
What is the atomic number equal to?
Number of protons
What is the atomic mass equal to?
Number of protons plus the number of neutrons
How is the periodic table arranged?
According to atomic number
How do bonds form?
Transferring or sharing of electrons
Where do electrons revolve around the nucleus?
In orbitals or shells
How many electron shells are there?
7 shells max
What electron shell is closest to the nucleus?
K
What electron shell is farthest from the nucleus?
Q
What is binding energy?
Negative electrons are held in orbit by attraction to the positive nucleus
What is the binding energy dependent on?
Distance from nucleus
What shell has the highest binding energy?
K
What is binding energy measured in?
Electron volts or kilo electron volts
What is the ratio between protons and electrons in a neutral/stable atom?
Protons equal the number of electrons
What is ionization?
Removal of an electron from an atom
What is needed in order for ionization to occur?
Energy required to move the electron must exceed the binding energy of the electron
What is an ion pair?
Positive ion and ejected electron
What are the two types of radiation?
Particulate and electromagnetic
What is radiation?
Emission and propagation of energy through space
What type of radiation is electrons, alpha particles, protons, and neutrons?
Particulate radiation
What type of radiation are X-rays?
Electromagnetic radiation
What type of radiation is visible light?
Electromagnetic radiation