Radiation Chemistry

Question 1

What is the critical target?

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Period following irradiation and prior to changes occurring in the cell

Answer 2

Latent period

Question 3

What are stochastic radiation effects?

Answer 3

Random, no threshold dose exists. The effect is “all or nothing” (increasing the dose will increase the possibility of an effect occurring but not it’s intensity)

Question 4

What are nonstochastic radiation effects?

Answer 4

Known, meaning threshold doses have been determined. Immediate to time-delayed effects such as cataracts, cancer and the three syndromes: Hemopoietic, Gastrointestinal, and CNS

Question 5

Biologic changes only occur after a _______ _______

Answer 5

Latent Period

Question 6

What is direct interaction?

Answer 6

DNA is affected directly by the radiation

Question 7

What is indirect interaction?

Answer 7

Radiation effects the medium in which the organelles are suspected which in turn effects the cells ability to reproduce

Question 8

The transfer of the incorrect genetic code to one of the daughter cells

Answer 8

Critical Consequence

Question 9

Ionization of the water in the body causes an effect on the _______ ________

Answer 9

Critical Target

Question 10

Differences between direct and indirect radiation effects?

Answer 10

Direct effect directly damages the DNA. Indirect has greater probability of occurrence and is damage that occurs through chemical interactions and free radical formation (especially of hydrogen peroxide and hydroperoxyl)