radiation Flashcards
what is an isotope
atoms of an element with a different number of neutrons
what’s the atomic number of an atom
number of protons
what is the nucleon number of an atom
the number of protons and neutrons
what’s the charger of an atoms nucleus
positive
what is background radiation
constant radiation we are exposed to
Name 3 sources of background radiation
foods rocks hospitals
give two dangers of ionising radiation
can damage tissues, can cause mutations
Which form of radiation is most dangerous inside the body?
alpha
two ways that radiation can be detected
Photographic film Geiger-Muller tube
alpha particle made of ?
2 neutrons 2 protons
beta negative particle
an electron release from the nucleus
beta positive particle
a positron released from the nucleus
what is a gamma ray
a wave, electromagnetic radiation
what can stop alpha particles
a thin sheet of paper
what can stop beta particles
a sheet of aluminium
the process of beta negative decay
a neutron changes into a proton and an electron
how does beta negative affect the mass number of an elecment
unchanged
how does beta negative decay affect the atomic number
increases by 1
define half life
the time it takes for the number of nuclei of the isotope to halve
what units is activity measured in
bq becequerels
