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Quizzes and tests Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a measure for disorder?

A

Entropy

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2
Q

What form of energy is ATP?

A

potential

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3
Q

A covalent bond between carbon and hydrogen contains ____________ energy.

A

Potential

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4
Q

Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by ________.

A

Decreasing activation energy.

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5
Q

Osmosis can be defined as _____________.

A

Diffusion of water.

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6
Q

______ is the main energy source for cells.

A

ATP

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7
Q

During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose ____________.

A

Is carried by electrons

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8
Q

Where in the cell does glycolysis occur?

A

Outside of the mitochondria

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9
Q

The final acceptor in aerobic respiration is ___________.

A

Oxygen

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10
Q

pyruvic acid be converted to before it can enter the citric acid cycle?

A

acetyl CoA

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11
Q

Antibiotics were first isolated from

A

Mold

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12
Q

Main components of cell membrane is

A

Lipid and protein (Lipid bilayer)

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13
Q

Functions of plant cell wall are

A

Protect cell, maintain shape, keep from absorbing too much water

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14
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity to cause change

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15
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

The energy of motion.

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16
Q

Food calories - “1C” means / indicate

A

1000 calories

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17
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

Biological catalyst

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18
Q

What is the usual ending for names of enzymes

A

-ase

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19
Q

Substrate of the enzyme binds to the _________.

A

Active site

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20
Q

The enzyme catalyses to digest protein is

A

Protease

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21
Q

Macromolecules (large biomolecules) of life / our body is

A
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
  • Carbohydrates
  • Nucleic Acids
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22
Q

What are the subatomic particles?

A

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

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23
Q

What is the simplest hydrocarbon?

A

Methane

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24
Q

How many electrons are in the outer shell of a carbon molecule?

A

4 electrons

25
Q

What are the main differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

A

nucleus and nuclear membrane

26
Q

Viruses are _________.

A

Noncellular

27
Q

Green planst can do photosynthesis because of their ____________.

A

Thylakoid membrane and chloroplast

28
Q

Dehydration is:

A

losing water from the body

29
Q

What is the pH of human blood?

A

7.4

30
Q

A group of similar cells that perform a common function is known as a(n) _________

A

Tissue

31
Q

An atom with a negative charge has _________.

A

More electrons than protons.

32
Q

The most abundant element found in the body by weight is:

A

Oxygen

33
Q

An uncharged atom of gold has an atomic number of 79 and a mass number of 197. This atom has _________ protons, _______ neutrons, and __________ electrons.

A

79 …118 …79

34
Q

Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?

A

starch

35
Q

Enzymes are ____________.

A

proteins

36
Q

What are saturated fats saturated with?

A

hydrogen

37
Q

What name is given to the following reaction?

sucrose + water = glucose + fructose

A

hydrolysis

38
Q

Name two isomers:

A

Glucose and fructose

39
Q

DNA and RNA are polymers of ________ monomers

A

Nucleotide

40
Q

What type of bond joins the bases of complementary DNA strands?

A

hydrogen

41
Q

Which enzyme is responsible for RNA synthesis?

A

RNA polymerase

42
Q

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a(n) _______________.

A

mutation

43
Q

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a(n) _______________.

A

30%

44
Q

What is the process by which genotype becomes expressed as phenotype?

A

gene expression

45
Q

To initiate transcription, RNA polymerase binds to a(n) _______.

A

promoter

46
Q

Genetically identical organisms are called:

A

clones

47
Q

Cancer-causing genes are called ____________.

A

oncogenes

48
Q

What substance is known to cause more cases and types of cancer than any other?

A

tobacco

49
Q

Genes are carried on ______.

A

chromosomes

50
Q

When does the mitotic spindle begin to form?

A

Prophase

51
Q

Homologous chromosomes _________.

A

are a set of chromosomes that a cell receives from one parent

52
Q

A duplicated chromosome has two sister _________.

A

chromatids

53
Q

When does the cleavage furrow form?

A

telophase

54
Q

A duplicated chromosome has two sister _________.

A

Wolves

55
Q

Who was a monk known for his work on inheritance using garden peas?

A

Gregor Mendel

56
Q

What is the genotype of an individual who is heterozygous for dimples?

A

Dd

57
Q

What is the name given to the specific location of a gene on a chromosome?

A

locus

58
Q
A

Biology (14 decks)

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