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Quizzes and tests Flashcards

1
Q

What is a measure for disorder?

A

Entropy

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2
Q

What form of energy is ATP?

A

potential

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3
Q

A covalent bond between carbon and hydrogen contains ____________ energy.

A

Potential

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4
Q

Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by ________.

A

Decreasing activation energy.

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5
Q

Osmosis can be defined as _____________.

A

Diffusion of water.

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6
Q

______ is the main energy source for cells.

A

ATP

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7
Q

During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose ____________.

A

Is carried by electrons

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8
Q

Where in the cell does glycolysis occur?

A

Outside of the mitochondria

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9
Q

The final acceptor in aerobic respiration is ___________.

A

Oxygen

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10
Q

pyruvic acid be converted to before it can enter the citric acid cycle?

A

acetyl CoA

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11
Q

Antibiotics were first isolated from

A

Mold

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12
Q

Main components of cell membrane is

A

Lipid and protein (Lipid bilayer)

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13
Q

Functions of plant cell wall are

A

Protect cell, maintain shape, keep from absorbing too much water

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14
Q

What is energy?

A

The capacity to cause change

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15
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

The energy of motion.

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16
Q

Food calories - “1C” means / indicate

A

1000 calories

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17
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

Biological catalyst

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18
Q

What is the usual ending for names of enzymes

A

-ase

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19
Q

Substrate of the enzyme binds to the _________.

A

Active site

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20
Q

The enzyme catalyses to digest protein is

A

Protease

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21
Q

Macromolecules (large biomolecules) of life / our body is

A
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
  • Carbohydrates
  • Nucleic Acids
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22
Q

What are the subatomic particles?

A

Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

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23
Q

What is the simplest hydrocarbon?

A

Methane

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24
Q

How many electrons are in the outer shell of a carbon molecule?

A

4 electrons

25
What are the main differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
nucleus and nuclear membrane
26
Viruses are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Noncellular
27
Green planst can do photosynthesis because of their \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Thylakoid membrane and chloroplast
28
Dehydration is:
losing water from the body
29
What is the pH of human blood?
7.4
30
A group of similar cells that perform a common function is known as a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Tissue
31
An atom with a negative charge has \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
More electrons than protons.
32
The most abundant element found in the body by weight is:
Oxygen
33
An uncharged atom of gold has an atomic number of 79 and a mass number of 197. This atom has _________ protons, _______ neutrons, and __________ electrons.
79 …118 …79
34
Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?
starch
35
Enzymes are \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
proteins
36
What are saturated fats saturated with?
hydrogen
37
What name is given to the following reaction? sucrose + water = glucose + fructose
hydrolysis
38
Name two isomers:
Glucose and fructose
39
DNA and RNA are polymers of ________ monomers
Nucleotide
40
What type of bond joins the bases of complementary DNA strands?
hydrogen
41
Which enzyme is responsible for RNA synthesis?
RNA polymerase
42
Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
mutation
43
Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
30%
44
What is the process by which genotype becomes expressed as phenotype?
gene expression
45
To initiate transcription, RNA polymerase binds to a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
promoter
46
Genetically identical organisms are called:
clones
47
Cancer-causing genes are called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
oncogenes
48
What substance is known to cause more cases and types of cancer than any other?
tobacco
49
Genes are carried on \_\_\_\_\_\_.
chromosomes
50
When does the mitotic spindle begin to form?
Prophase
51
Homologous chromosomes \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
are a set of chromosomes that a cell receives from one parent
52
A duplicated chromosome has two sister \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
chromatids
53
When does the cleavage furrow form?
telophase
54
A duplicated chromosome has two sister \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Wolves
55
Who was a monk known for his work on inheritance using garden peas?
Gregor Mendel
56
What is the genotype of an individual who is heterozygous for dimples?
Dd
57
What is the name given to the specific location of a gene on a chromosome?
locus
58

Biology (14 decks)

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