Mid-Term Flashcards
What is a word for a measure of disorder?
Entropy
What form of energy is ATP?
Potential Energy
A covalent bond between hydrogen and carbon contains ___________ energy:
Potential Energy (covalent bonds can be broken to produce energy).
Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by __________
decreasing the activation energy
Osmosis can be defined as:
The diffusion of water
___________ is the main energy source for cells:
ATP
During cellular respiration, the energy in glucose ______________
Is carried by electrons
Where in the cell does glycolysis occur?
Outside the mitochondria
The final electron recptor of aerobic respiration is:
Oxygen
What must pyruvic acid be converted to before it can enter the citric acid cycle?
Acetyl CoA
What were antibiotics first isolated from?
Mold
What are the main components of a cell membrane?
Lipids and proteins (lipid bilayer)
What are the functions of a plant cell wall?
To protect the cell, maintain the cell’s shape, and keep the cell from absorbing too much water.
What is energy?
The capacity to cause change
What is kinetic energy?
The energy of motion
Food calories - “1C” means / indicates -
1000 calories
Enzymes are
Biological catalysts
Generally enzymes are named with which ending?
-ase (like protease)
Substrate of the enzyme binds to the:
Active site of the enzyme
The enzyme that catalyses to digest protein is
protease
Macromolecules (large biomolecules) of life / our body are:
proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids
Subatomic particles are
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
The example of the simplest hydrocarbon is
methane
The example of the simplest hydrocarbon is:
Methane
Carbon is a versatile atom. How many electrons are in an outer shell of carbon?
4 electrons
One of the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is:
nucleus and nuclear membrane
Viruses are
noncellular
A green plant can do photosynthesis because of its
thylakoid membrane and chloroplast
What is an example of something acidic in nature?
lemon juice or vinegar
Dehydration means:
Losing water from the body
The pH of human blood is:
7.4
