Quiz S5 P1

Question 1

Culture

Answer 1

Culture is defined as the response of people to their environment; the attitudes, behaviors, customs, traditions, etc. that are passed down from generation to generation.

Question 2

Superficial culture

Answer 2

The behaviors, customs, traditions, and other aspects of cultures that can be easily observed.

Question 3

Deep culture

Answer 3

The cognitive elements that exist within a culture, the underlying attitudes. Examples: psychological health and safety, attitude towards social norms, competition.

Question 4

Globalization

Answer 4

The cultural interrelation between groups around the world, as flows of investment and interaction increase between countries and interdependence of the world’s economies, cultures, and populations grows.

Question 5

Cultural norms

Answer 5

The unique sets of attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors specific to a particular culture. Given a specific environmental context, certain expectations of appropriate and inappropriate attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors will emerge.

Question 6

Enculturation

Answer 6

The process by which individuals learn their culture. This could be through observation, formal instruction or direct, or direct personal experience. We learn the rituals and traditions of a culture in order to function successfully within it.

Question 7

Cultural transmission

Answer 7

An achievement through a process of enculturation and social cognition. A theory of learning whereby individuals acquire a significant amount of information simply by interacting within their culture.

Question 8

Acculturation

Answer 8

Acculturation is the process by which psychological and cultural change occurs as a result of globalization and interdependence. Usually applied to the individual, and how one adapts to being placed in a new, foreign culture.

Question 9

Culture of honor

Answer 9

In terms of origin, the cultures of honor may have formed in areas without clear authority or
the rule of law. In this type of environment, protecting yourself, your possessions, and your
family may have required an aggressive defense against the insult that could have served
as a test of your ability to defend yourself.

Question 10

What is culture? - Matsumoto (2007)

Answer 10

“Culture is a solution to the problem of how to survive, given the problems in the environment, the physical and social needs that must be addressed, and the tools available.”
- meet basic survival needs
- social coordination to achieve a
viable existence
- transmit a social behavior
- pursue happiness and well-being
- derive meaning from life

Question 11

What is culture? - Hofstede

Answer 11

“the collective programming of
the mind that distinguishes
members of one group or
category of people from
another” (Geert Hofstede, n.d.).
- It guides a group of people in
their daily interactions and
distinguishes them from other
groups of people.

Question 12

Culture vs cultural norms

Answer 12

culture refers to the purpose, while cultural norm refers to how to achieve the purpose

Question 13

Gatekeeper Theory - Who?

Answer 13

Kurt Lewin (1890–1947)

Question 14

Gatekeeper Theory Explanation

Answer 14

Gatekeepers are who controls access to information and ideas in a social group. Those people in society who decide what information is shared with groups and others.

Question 15

Cultural origin and transmission - Who?

Answer 15

Cohen et al

Question 16

Cultural origin and transmission Explanation

Answer 16

UMich male students from north and south insulted by confederate soldier. Northerners were only half as likely as Southerners to be more angry than amused by an insult.