Parcial S5 P1

Question 1

Etic approach

Answer 1

study cultures from an external perspective, approach shows intercultural study

Question 2

Emic approach

Answer 2

understanding a culture from within, seeks to understand culture-specific behavior, such as cultural syndromes

Question 3

Which approach is used by cross-cultural psychologists?

Answer 3

etic approach

Question 4

What are the dimensions of Hofstede (name the 6)?

Answer 4

Individualism vs Collectivism
Distance to Power Index
Indulgence vs Restriction
Long Term Orientation vs Short Term
Uncertainty Avoidance
Masculinity vs Femininity

Question 5

Power Distance Index

Answer 5

It measures to which less powerful members of a group accept and expect power to be distributed unequally.

Question 6

High PDI scores?

Answer 6

Cultures with high PDI scores are tolerant of inequalities and tend to be hierarchal in nature

Question 7

Low PDI scores?

Answer 7

Do not tolerate inequalities and members typically prefer equal distribution of power and influence

Question 8

Uncertainty Avoidance

Answer 8

the dimension measures to which extent a culture is comfortable with uncertainty

Question 9

High Uncertainty Avoidance?

Answer 9

Intolerant of ambiguity and avoid risky behavior

Question 10

Low Uncertainty Avoidance?

Answer 10

more tolerant for behavior outside the norm and are more likely to take risks

Question 11

Low score in Orientation to long term vs short term?

Answer 11

the culture honors traditions and norms while viewing social change with suspicion

Question 12

High score in Orientation to long term vs short term?

Answer 12

A culture is pragmatic and favors the anticipation

Question 13

Triandis (2001) 4 categories of individualism vs collectivism

Answer 13

1. Horizontal individualism
2. Vertical individualism
3. Horizontal collectivism
4. vertical collectivism

Question 14

Horizontal individualism

Answer 14

members are unique and mostly have the same status

Question 15

Vertical individualism

Answer 15

Members are unique, but it is possible to distinguish yourself and enjoy higher status in a social hierarchy

Question 16

Horizontal collectivism

Answer 16

members merge with the inner group and largely enjoy the same status

Question 17

Vertical collectivism

Answer 17

members merge with the group and submit to an authority in that group

Question 18

Ash paradigm

Answer 18

Used the paradigm to measure compliance, where participants are presented with a series of lines that vary in length.

Question 19

Schwartz’s theory of basic values

Answer 19

1. self-direction
2. stimulation
3. Hedonism
4. achievement
5. power
6. security
7. conformity
8. tradition
9. benevolence
10. universalism

Question 20

Macrae and John (1992)

Answer 20

OCEAN
1. Openness to experience
2. Conscientiousness
3. Extraversion
4. Agreeableness
5. Neuroticism

Question 21

strong PDI scores are related to:

Answer 21

• Collectivism
• Uncertainty avoidance

Question 22

Hedonism

Answer 22

Pleasure and sensual gratification for oneself

Question 23

Benevolence

Answer 23

Preserving and enhancing the well-being of those with whom one is in frequent personal contact
(the ingroup)

Question 24

Conscientiousness

Answer 24

tendency to be cautious, punctual,
hardworking, and rule-follower

Question 25

individualism correlates with

Answer 25

extraversion

Question 26

uncertainty avoidance correlates with

Answer 26

neuroticism and higher in openness to experience

Question 27

High power distance correlates with

Answer 27

conscientiousness and extraversion

Question 28

Masculinity correlates with

Answer 28

neuroticism