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Physiology > Quiz questions > Flashcards

Quiz questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which using volume is abbreviated VT

A

Tidal volume

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2
Q

Which is definition of residual volume

A

Volume remaining after maximal expiration

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3
Q

Bicarbonate ions transport the highest percentage if carbon dioxide in blood (True or False)

A

True

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4
Q

Blood in the pulmonary artery is deoxygenated (True or False)

A

True

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5
Q

What are the primary expiratory muscles during rest and normal tidal breathing

A

None

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6
Q

What causes a rightward shift in oxyhaemoglobin disassociation curve

A

Decrease in blood pH

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7
Q

Which of the following isn’t in the upper respiratory system

A

Bronchioles

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8
Q

What is the primary inspiratory muscle

A

Diaphragm

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9
Q

When volume is increased in the lungs, pressure in the lungs also increases (True or False)

A
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10
Q

What detects changes in blood pH

A

Chemoreceptors

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11
Q

Name the nerve bodies in the heart rate conducts the electrical signal from the pacemaker of the heart to the ventricles

A

Purkinjie fibres

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12
Q

Name the pacemaker of the heart

A

SAN

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13
Q

What type of valve prevents the flow of blood from the ventricles back into the atrium

A

Atrio-venctricular valve

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14
Q

What is the middle layer of a blood vessel called

A

Tunica media

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15
Q

Where are erthrocytes

A

Bone marrow

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16
Q

What shape are erthrocytes

A

Biconcave

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17
Q

How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood (3)

A
  • Dissolved in plasma
  • As bicarbonate ions
  • Carboxyhaemoglobin
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18
Q

Order the blood vessels starting with the vessel with the thickest wall to the vessel with the thinnest wall

A

Artery = 1
Vein = 2
Capillary = 3

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19
Q

What do we measure using a sphygmomanometer

A

Blood pressure

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20
Q

Which of the following hormones is produced in the pineal gland

A

Melatonin

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21
Q

When would you see the release of insulin from the pancreas

A

When you have high blood sugar

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22
Q

What gland is located just superior to the kidneys

A

Adrenal

23
Q

Epinephrine and norepinephrine are responsible for the fight or flight response (True or False)

A

True

24
Q

The cluster of cells in the pancreas that produce hormones are called the

A

Islets of langerhans

25
Q

Steroid hormones require a receptor on the cell membrane to enter the cells cytoplasm and nucleus (True or False)

A

False

26
Q

Calcium level in the blood in the blood is regulated by the

A

A and B

27
Q

Within the sacromere, which protein binds to Ca2+ and thereby helps initiate contraction

A

Troponin

28
Q

Which protein blocks the myosin-binding site, preventing contraction from happening at rest

A

Tropomyosin

29
Q

The process of muscle contraction primarily involves which ion

A

Ca2+

30
Q

Why is it necessary to have an action potential within the muscle for contraction

A

The sarcoplasmic reticulum will only release calcium if it has been electrically stimulated

31
Q

Which is the correct order of events in a contraction

A

T-tubule electrical signal, Ca2+ released, Ca2+ binding to troponin, cross-bridging

32
Q

Type ___?___ fibres are typically engaged during short, higher-intensity exercise that involves some degree of endurance

A

2a

33
Q

Increasing the firing frequency of a muscle fibre increases the amount of force it can generate

A

True

34
Q

Myofibrils are located within:

A

The muscle fibres

35
Q

Which ion gate (channel) is actively engaged in resetting the nerve’s resting membrane potential?

A

Na+ and K+

36
Q

During an action potential, the nerve membrane potential changes from -70mV to +35mV. This is an example of

A

Depolarisation

37
Q

The job of an afferent neuron is to

A

Send impulses from the body to the brain

38
Q

The fatty insulation that often surrounds an axon and speeds up the signal is called

A

Myelin sheath

39
Q

Resting membrane potential in neuron is

A

-70mV

40
Q

In a resting neuron, the intracellular environment is more negative compared to the extracellular environment (True or False)

A

True

41
Q

The action potential “all or none law” states that the stimulus must be of a certain threshold for the action potential to be passed along the nerve (True or False)

A

True

42
Q

Where is the RCC located

A

Brain

43
Q

The job of the afferent neuron is to

A

Send impulses from the body to the brain

44
Q

Which type of blood vesel has thick walls that contain a lot of smooth muscle and elastic tissue

A

Artery

45
Q

Arteries contain relatively thin walls with a large lumen diameter and are very distensible (True or False)

A

False

45
Q

Increasing the number of fibres recruited is the only way to increase the amount of force generated (True or False)

A

False

46
Q

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) represents the force the blood exerts against the arterial wall during ventricular contraction (True or False)

A

False

46
Q

Type II fibres have…

A

More fibres per motor unit

47
Q

Detecting a low PCO2 in the blood stimulates an increase in breathing rate/depth (True or False)

A

False

48
Q

Which receptors would tell the brain that the elbow was moving position

A

Proprioreceptors

49
Q

Vasoconstriction occurs in response to (4)

A
  • Decreased H+
  • Cold
  • Decrease CO2
  • Increase in O2
50
Q

The blood in the pulmonary artery is deoxygenated (True or False)

A

True

51
Q

What is the name of the equation used to calculate VO2 from expired gas samples

A

Haldane

52
Q

Which of these is not an endocrine gland

A

Salivary gland

Physiology (7 decks)

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