Quiz & practice questions

Question 1

With regards to the evolution of safety, during the organisational era, safety began to be viewed from a systemic perspective, which was to encompass organisational factors in addition to human and technical factors. (True or False)

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The safety risk assessment considers both i) ___________ and ii) ___________.

Answer 2

i) Safety risk probability; ii) Safety risk severity

Question 3

Define Hazard

Answer 3

Hazard is defined as a present condition, event, object or circumstances that could lead to or contribute to an unplanned or undesired event such as an accident.

Question 4

Describe a just culture?

Answer 4

There is an atmosphere of trust. People are encouraged (even rewarded) for providing essential safety-related information, but they are also clear about where the line must be drawn between acceptable and unacceptable behaviour

Question 5

Stolzer and Goglia (2015) stated that Safety Management Systems are a dynamic risk management system based on the principles of?

Answer 5

Quality management system

Question 6

The International Civil Aviation Organisation’s (ICAO) Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) require an acceptable level of safety to be established by states and it is defined by?

Answer 6

Both safety performance targets and indicators

Question 7

Which of the following is not correct regarding Undesired Aircraft State (UAS) in the Threat and Error Management Model?
a. UAS is described as a deviation from a position, speed, attitude or configuration of an aircraft that results from the flight crew error, actions or inactions

b. This is the last stage before impending incident or accident
c. This is the last opportunity for flight crew to maintain safety margins in flight operations
d. There is always a threat for an event to develop into UAS

Answer 7

D. There is always a threat for an event to develop into UAS

Question 8

Which of the following examples is not correct with regard to internal data sources for hazard identification?
a. Safety surveys

b. State oversight audits
c. Feedback from in-house training
d. Normal operation monitoring schemes (e.g., FDA)

Answer 8

b. State oversight audits

Question 9

This plan provides an orderly and efficient transition from normal to emergency operations that includes assignment of emergency responsibilities and delegation of authority. This plan is known as?

Answer 9

Emergency Response Plan (ERP)

Question 10

Safety assurance generally takes and analyses data from various parts of the operation. Common examples of these data include?

Answer 10

Audits, safety investigations and employee reporting

Question 11

It is an official document from the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) that not only lists the international safety management Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs), but it is also a reference point and sets the benchmark standards when it comes to the international civil aviation safety. What is this manual called?

Answer 11

Safety Management Manual (SMM)

Question 12

The three safety risk mitigation approaches are?

Answer 12

Avoidance, Reduction and Segregation of Exposure

Question 13

According to CASA (2014), a safety culture within an organisation is generally thought to be?

Answer 13

A set of beliefs, norms, attitudes or practices that reduce the exposure of all people in and around the organisation to conditions considered dangerous or hazardous.

Question 14

The five key elements of a Safety Culture recognised by ICAO are?

Answer 14

Reporting culture, Just culture, Informed culture, Flexible culture and Learning culture

Question 15

The four components of a Safety Management System are?

Answer 15

Safety policy & and objectives, Safety Risk Management, Safety Assurance and Safety Promotion

Question 16

The three methods to identify hazards are?

Answer 16

Reactive, Proactive and Predictive

Question 17

Risk incurred by not adhering to external regulations and legislations is termed as?

Answer 17

Compliance risk

Question 18

The SHELL model is a conceptual tool used to analyse the interaction of multiple system components and a mismatch between the Liveware (i.e., operator) and the other four components likely contributes to human error?( true or False)

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Which of the following is not considered to be a benefit of an effective safety culture?
a. It helps to meet moral and legal obligations such as providing a safe work environment for employees

b. It provides a much greater control over losses which, in turn, allows an organisation to operate in inherently risky environment where the return on investment is the greatest
c. It fosters a climate in which senior management exercises their influence to force their views on other levels of the organisation or to avoid criticism.
d. It generates trust on the part of other customers and other aviation organisations, potentially generating more business through alliances

Answer 19

c. It fosters a climate in which senior management exercises their influence to force their views on other levels of the organisation or to avoid criticism.

Question 20

True or False a ERP (Emergency Response Planning) provides an orderly and efficient transition from normal to emergency operations that includes assignment of emergency responsibilities and delegation of authority. This is to save lives, the safe continuation of operations and the return to normal operations as soon as possible. This is planned and coordinated action to manage and minimise the risks associated with an accident/incident

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What does ERP stand for?

Answer 21

Emergency response plan