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a&p > quiz over chap 17 > Flashcards

quiz over chap 17 Flashcards

1
Q

what does bile NOT do

A

digest; it breaks up big clumps into little clumps

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1
Q

what do nucleases do

A

break up RNA and DNA

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1
Q

what does pancrease lipase do

A

digests lipids
more than stomach lipase

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2
Q

pancreatic amylase

A

splits molecules of starch into disaccharides

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3
Q

what are the three enzymes that split amino acid bonds

A

trypsin
chymotrypsin
carboxypeptidase

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4
Q

what is trypsin made of

A

trypsinogen and enterokinase

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5
Q

plasma proteins main function

A

blood clotting

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6
Q

what are bile salts main function

A

emulsification

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7
Q

kupffer cells

A
  • phagocytic
  • forms the lining of the sinusoids in the liver
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8
Q

what does the liver do to glycogen

A

converts it to glucose under the influence of glucagon

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8
Q

what simulates the secretion of gastric juices

A

gastrin

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8
Q

what secretes hydrochloric acid

A

parietal cells

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9
Q

specific things that gastrin stimulates secretion of

A

parietal cells to secrete HCL and chief cells to secrete pepsinogen

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10
Q

what subdues the secretion of gastric acid

A

serotonin

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11
Q

what causes gastrin to be secreted

A

parasympathetic vagus nerve impulses

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12
Q

what is the stage of secretion that happens before eating called

A

cephalic

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13
Q

stage of secretion that happens during eating

A

gastric

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14
Q

enterogastric reflex does what

A

inhibits peristalsis in the stomach

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15
Q

cholecystokinin (CCK)

A
  • secreted in the presence of lipid molecules
  • interferes with the vagus nerve to stop chief and parietal cells
  • causes pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes
  • causes gallbladder to secrete bile
16
Q

enterokinase source and action

A
  • intestinal mucosal cells
  • converts trypsinogen to trypsin
17
Q

what type of enzyme is enterokinase

A

brush border (transmembrane) enzyme

18
Q

what activates trypsinogen to become trypsin

A

enterokinase

19
Q

what activates procarboxypeptidase to become carboxypeptidase

A

trypsin

19
Q

what activates chymotrypsinogen to become chemotrypsin

A

trypsin

19
Q

functions of the liver (big list)

A
  • forms sugars
  • makes glycogen
  • converts glycogen to glucose
  • stores fat soluble vitamins
  • stores up to 6 months of vit. A
  • stores up to 3 months of vit. E
  • makes hydrovitamin D
  • metabolizes fats
  • recycles blood cells
20
Q

chief cells secrete …

A

pepsinogen

20
Q

parietal cells secrete…

A

hydrochloric acid

21
Q

pepsin is turned to pepsinogen by…

A

HCL

22
Q

intrinsic factor does what to B12

A

assists it to go through the gastric mucosa

23
Q

serotonins use in the intestines

A

muscle contraction and inhibits secretion of gastric juices

24
Q

what is secreted by mucosa in duodenum when chyme enters duodenum

A

enterokinase

25
Q

what does cholecystokinin do

A
  • causes stomach movement to stop by blocking vagus nerve receptors
  • stimulates pancrease to secrete digestive enzyme/ bile
26
Q

pH in stomach

A

1.8-2.0

27
Q

pH in duodenum

A

7-8

28
Q

vomiting reflex comes from?

A

medulla

29
Q

ileocecal valve

A

sphincter muscle that controls the flow of digested food from small to large intestine

29
Q

what does intestinal mucosa secrete

A

CCK and secretin

30
Q

parts of the small intestine

A
  • Duodenum 25cm
  • Jejunum 2.5m
  • Ileum 3.5m
  • ileocecal valve
  • supporting tissue (mesentery)
31
Q

sucrose is made of…

A

fructose and glucose

32
Q

maltose is made of…

A

glucose and glucose

33
Q

lactose is made of…

A

galactose and glucose

34
Q

what are VLDLs and what do they do

A
  • very low density lipoproteins
  • made in the liver and deliver fats to tissues
35
Q

main function of colon

A

water reabsorption

36
Q

parts of the colon

A
  • ileocecal valve
  • Cecum
  • Vermiform appendix
  • Ascending colon
  • Transverse colon
  • Descending colon
  • Sigmoid colon
  • anal canal
  • anus
  • Sphincter muscles
37
Q

orexia

A

appetite

38
Q
A

a&p (7 decks)

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