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Terminologies > Quiz for BSD > Flashcards

Quiz for BSD Flashcards

Topic/s: Building Envelope

1
Q

demand for buildings that need to consider

A

energy cost
climate change

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2
Q

buildings account for __ of the national energy consumption

A

36%

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3
Q

__ - __ of a buildings energy consumption is due to _______

A

53% - 70%, cooling

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4
Q

why go green?

A

significant co-benefits including cost-savings will be created
failure to build green will lock countries into high carbon economy and poor performing buildings
contribute to achieve Philippine target

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5
Q

provides a window of opportunity to prevent being locked in a high carbon economy

A

green building

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6
Q

The state has adopted the ________ which espouses _______ to fulfill human needs while maintaining the quality of the natural environment for current and future generations

A

Philippine Agenda 21 framework, sustainable development

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7
Q

An act mainstreaming climate change into government policy formulations, establishing the framework strategy and program on climate change, creating for this purpose the climate change commission, and for other purposes

A

Section 2 RA 9729

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8
Q

practice of increasing efficiency with which buildings use resources such as energy, water and materials while also reducing the buildings’ impact on human health and the environment

A

green buildings

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9
Q

referral code of the NBC; mandatory
signed in june 2015
effective january 2016

A

philippine green building code

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10
Q

philippine green building code was signed and effective on what year

A

june 2015
january 2016

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11
Q

green building code development

A

building trends & baselines
market analysis
sensitivity analysis
green buildings recommendations

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12
Q

physical barrier between the exterior and interior environments enclosing a structure

A

building envelope

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13
Q

comprised of a series of components and systems that protect the interior space from the effects of the environment like precipitation, wind, temperature, humidity and ultraviolet radiation

A

building envelope

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14
Q

the building envelope is comprised of a series of components and systems that protect the interior space from the effects of the environment like _______,______, ______, _____ and ________

A

precipitation, wind, temperature, humidity and ultraviolet radiation

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15
Q

examples of building envelope

A

windows and doors
foundations
roof
walls

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16
Q

comprised of the occupants, furnishings, buildings materials, lighting, machinery, equipment, and the HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) system

A

internal environment

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17
Q

HVAC

A

heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

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18
Q

one of the best ways to get better energy efficiency

A

improving the building envelope of houses

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19
Q

to control the exhange of water, air, condensation and heat between the interior and exterior of the building

A

control

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20
Q

to ensure strength and rigidity; providing structural support against internal and external loads and forces

A

support

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21
Q

3 categories of building envelope

A

support
control
finish

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22
Q

this is for aesthetic purposes. to make the building look attractive while still performing support and control functions

A

finish

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23
Q

allows more of a natural air transfer to occur, which improves indoor air quality which can remove the need for mechanical ventilation

A

loose building envelope

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24
Q

building envelopes are often characterized as either “____” or “_____”

A

tight, loose

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25
Q

allows for a high level of control over indoor air quality, temperature, humidity levels, and energy consumption

A

tight building envelope

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26
Q

these types of building envelope make the building more drafty and uncomfortable, it also makes the building harder to regulate temperature levels. this creates higher chance of mold or mildew, and higher quantities of heated or cooled air are able to escape through leaks in the loose building envelope. this will increase energy bills along with negatively impacting the environment by releasing more greenhouse gases

A

loose building envelope

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27
Q

this requires more insulation, caulk, adhesive tape, sealants, and energy-efficient windows to acquire a tight shell for the building. this leads to fewer drafts and a more comfortable building for its occupants, which often results in less waste in heating and cooling costs.

A

tight building envelope

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28
Q

the downside of this, it requires more extensive mechanical ventilation systems because it limits how much natural ventilation can occur

A

tight building envelope

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29
Q

reducing air infiltration and exfiltration

A

air tightness and moisture protection

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30
Q

it also have a lower chance of producing mold or mildew from moisture infiltration, this can help prolong the life of the building components.

A

tight building envelope

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31
Q

energy efficiency of building envelope

A

air tightness and moisture protection
window-to-wall ratio (WWR)
natural ventilation
building envelope color
roof insulation

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32
Q

preventing outside air moisture infiltration

A

air tightness and moisture protection

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33
Q

solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) and WWR

A

window-to-wall ratio (WWR)

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34
Q

windows without sunbreakers or overhags

A

window-to-wall ratio (WWR)

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35
Q

unwanted air infiltration and humidity ingress into the spaces can cause additional load on the air conditioning system and a detrimental impact on air quality

A

air tightness and moisture protection

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36
Q

windows with sunbreakers

A

window-to-wall ratio (WWR)

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37
Q

use of operable windows

A

natural ventilation

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38
Q

high solar reflectance of building envelope surface

A

building envelope color

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39
Q

reduction of heat transfer through the …

A

roof insulation

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40
Q

building must be planned, designed, specified and constructed with enough detail and quality to ensure air tightness is maximized

A

air tightness and moisture protection

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41
Q

building’s physical efficiency might be evaluated by assessing parameters such as:

A

heat loss
energy use
water use
water tightness
structural performance
fire performance

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42
Q

it can also measure whether the resources necessary to design and construct a building have been used effectively.

A

building’s performance or efficiency

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43
Q

vapor barrier prevents the entry of moisture through the walls.

A

air tightness and moisture protection

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44
Q

(are the materials environmentally friendly? How much energy is used to heat/cool the building? How well does the building fabric retain heat (linked to insulation levels and glazing performance)? Is the building water efficient (does it include gray-water recycling)?

A

sustainability

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45
Q

is a measure of how well it functions in relation to designated criteria such as physical, social or environmental considerations

A

building’s performance or efficiency

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46
Q

can air temperatures, humidity and ventilation achieve a healthy environment?

A

comfort

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47
Q

is there a negative or positive impact on habitats?

A

ecology

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48
Q

evaluating building performance

A

sustainability
comfort
ecology
acoustics
running costs
water tightness
layout
occupant satisfaction
accessibility
society

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49
Q

how much does it cost to run the building?

A

running costs

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50
Q

does noise generated by activities in the building adversely affect neighboring
buildings or spaces and vice versa?

A

acoustics

51
Q

are roofs and openings capable of keeping out rain and other sources of
moisture?

A

water tightness

52
Q

does the building optimize privacy, sunlight, views, occupant circulation and so on?

A

layout

53
Q

are the occupants satisfied with the overall resolution of the design?

A

occupant satisfaction

54
Q

is the building easy to use by people with disabilities? Is it safe and secure?

A

accessibility

55
Q

does the building integrate with and contribute to the local community?

A

society

56
Q

the way some buildings perform when completed may not live up to the designers’ intentions. the difference between anticipated and actual performance may be significant and to the detriment of the occupiers, owners and environment.

A

performance gap

57
Q

if significant may result in aspects of the construction having to be redone and can lead to legal proceedings.

A

performance gap

58
Q

one of the principal aspects considered in the architecture.

A

aesthetics of a buildings

59
Q

the appeal of a building covers the combine effects of a building’s

A

shape
size
texture
color
balance
unity
movement
emphasis
contrast
symmetry
proportion
space
alignment
pattern
decoration
culture
context

60
Q

a building should be designed in order to satisfy requirements regarding:

A

safety
serviceability
durability
aesthetics

61
Q

diverse processes that affect the aesthetical performance of building elements through their service lives:

A

weathering
decay
waterlogging

62
Q

predominantly related to the superficial level deterioration and its intensity depends on micro-climatic conditions

A

weathering

63
Q

biotic degradation process affecting both a material’s functionality and aesthetics.

A

decay

64
Q

slow deterioration process in anaerobic conditions due to the activity of bacteria

A

waterlogging

65
Q

resistance to degradation of products, materials, buildings and other built assessts over time

A

durability

66
Q

a building will be subjected not only daily wear and tear from users but also to the ______ - in particular ___, ___, ____ and ___ - forces collectively referred to as ____

A

constant influence of climate
rain, frost, sun, heat
weathering

67
Q

weathering forces can also result in a ____ - usually a ________

A

change of appearance
change for the worse

68
Q

(building envelope systems fail)

those failures can include:

A

aesthetic loss
corrosion
poor indoor air quality
energy inefficiencies
life-threatening structural failure
litigation

69
Q

Why do building envelope systems fail?

A

design deficiencies
material failure
poor workmanship
acts of nature

70
Q

Architects occasionally specify materials or
design systems that are inappropriate for their intended use. Common mistakes include specifying materials that are incompatible with
materials with which they come into contact or have inadequate performance criteria for thermal movement, structural capacity, or water penetration resistance.

A

design deficiencies

71
Q

Issues also arise when subcontractors try to reduce the weight, size, or amount of building envelope components (aluminum, glass,
sealants, flashing, etc.) required on a project. This can lead to inadequate performance or capacity of the materials specified.

A

design deficiencies

72
Q

Common examples of material failure

A

degrading sealant adhesion
laminated glass delamination
metal fatigue.

73
Q

It’s also common for properly specified materials to fail to meet the published performance levels. This could be a result
of errors in the manufacturing, handling, or storing of the product or components within the product.

A

material failure

74
Q

during construction booms, the problem of this is exasperated as a result of having many inexperienced, unsupervised, and untrained personnel working on projects. it is common to find building envelope components not installed per the manufacturing specifications

A

poor workmanship

75
Q
A

putting the right people in the right job goes a long way toward proper installation and overall profitability

76
Q

even with flawless installations, bad things can happen to good work when environmental conditions exceed those that were anticipated during design

A

acts of nature

77
Q

the effects of this can overload a properly designed and constructed building envelope, causing damage to the system and making it vulnerable to further deterioration or failure

A

hurricane-force wind loads
driving rain
extreme temperature fluctuations

78
Q

While failures of this type cannot be stopped, many can be prevented through ___ to identify small problems before they become big ones.

A

routine inspection and maintenance

79
Q

refers to all the physical substances that are assembled to create the interior and exterior of a building

A

materials

80
Q

contains materials that keep the rain and wind out, thermally insulate the inhabitants from exterior temperatures, structurally support the building and the associated enclosure system, and provide desired interior and exterior finishes.

A

exterior wall assembly

81
Q

These decisions should be based on a number
of carefully considered issues

A

symbolism, appropriateness, physical properties, and technique.

82
Q

Particular materials carry specific connotations within cultures and regions.

A

symbolism

83
Q

Terms such as natural or artificial, eternal or ephemeral, austere or opulent, describe a few such associations

A

symbolism

84
Q

There are three primary areas that must be evaluated in selecting appropriate materials and assemblies

A

Material compatibility with climatic, cultural, and aesthetic conditions

Applicability of material to occupancy and size of building including durability, structural, and fire protection requirements

environmental impact of obtaining raw materials, processing and fabricating buildings materials, transportation impact, and recycling issues

85
Q

one of the most important factors to consider in material and assembly selection.

A

climate

86
Q

it also must be compatible with specific regional and local cultural and aesthetic conditions.

A

materials

87
Q

often legally limited by the building type or size, in order to protect public health, safety, and welfare.

A

material choices

88
Q

it must be taken into account in the material selection process.

A

number of physical properties

89
Q

quantifies resistance to compression, tension, and other types of loading on a given material

A

material strength

90
Q

Physical properties

A

strength
mass and thickness
physical and visual density
texture
color
temperature
pattern

91
Q

after an _______ is made, the _________ of each material must be based on requirements for durability, strength, and aesthetic considerations.

A

initial material selection
dimensional thickness

92
Q

often a particular tactile density is desired, ranging from heaviness to lightness in degrees of ________

A

opacity, translucency, or transparency

93
Q

types of concrete finishes

A

troweled finish
broom finish
stamped concretefinish
salt finish
exposed aggregate finish
swirl finish
polished finish
colored finish

94
Q

other finishes of the concrete

A

color chips finish
dyed finished
engraved finish
etched finish
flashed finish
marbleized finish
micro topping or over lay finish
sand blasted finish

95
Q

the most common and popular finish of concrete used for major types of applications.

A

trowel finish

96
Q

After the concrete is laid in the
formwork and leveled, the ____ is used to smooth and fine-level the surface of concrete.

A

trowel

97
Q

are available in both manual and mechanical types.

A

trowel

98
Q

A __________ consists of a flat steel blade with an attached handle that is pushed and pulled across the concrete surface.

A

manual trowel

99
Q

A ______ is used for large commercial projects which resemble large fans with the blades sitting directly against the concrete.

A

mechanized trowel

100
Q

is rough textured finished obtained by dragging a broom on the trowelled surface of the concrete while the concrete is still fresh.

A

broom finish of the concrete

101
Q

The _________ is obtained by pressing the required patterns on the freshly levelled concrete.

A

stamped concrete finish

102
Q

This type of concrete finish after completion of their construction looks similar to stones such as slates or flagstones, brick, tile or with proper skill they can look similar to wood.

A

stamped concrete finish

103
Q

The _________ is obtained by inserting coarse rock salt crystals using rollers on the freshly placed concrete surface and washing it off with streams of water after the concrete is set.

A

salt finish concrete surface

104
Q

This finish gives a decorative, rough subtle texture and skid resistance to plain or colored concrete.

A

salt finish

105
Q

The construction of _______ is to have leveled concrete floor surface, distribute aggregate evenly, and keep air voids to as minimum as possible.

A

exposed aggregate finish

106
Q

is used to polish the top surface of the partially cured concrete.

A

Power Floater or Diamond Polisher

107
Q

is applied to provide the favored polished finish

A

fine grade protection layer

108
Q

is one of the most exceptional types of concrete finish that is generated by smearing the concrete surface in a uniformly overlapping circular pattern.

A

swirl finish

109
Q

It provides an aesthetically pleasing appearance to the concrete surface which is favored for outdoor applications because not only does it add beauty to the surface, but it also provides a safer walk and stand in comparison with

A

swirl finish

110
Q

The _______ on a concrete surface is achieved by a mechanical process of grinding and polishing with the help of a penetrant chemical to provide different texture with the help of specialized tools and equipment.

A

polished finish

111
Q

The _______ of the concrete is accomplished through mix-added pigments or post-cure staining to provide a pleasing look to match the surrounding environment.

A

colored finish

112
Q

The ______ on a concrete surface can be carried out by either pigment or strains. The pigmented colored concrete can be accomplished by adding the pigments directly to the concrete mix prior to pouring.

A

colored finish

113
Q

can be obtained by applying stains to concrete of any age to obtain a more vibrant colored finish.

A

strained colored concrete

114
Q

type of finish prefered for different construction applications

roof slab - ________
swimming pool - ______
commercial and industrial flooring - _____
porticos, driveways, and sidewalks - _______
museums, auditoriums, and galleries - ______
parks and play areas - ______

A

trowel finish
sal finish
trowel finish
stamped finish
polished finish
colored finish

115
Q

may be light absorptive or light reflective, warm or cool, while the palette may be monochrome or polychromatic.

A

color

116
Q

Selection of a building _____must consider the surrounding context, as well exterior and interior light qualities under which the colors will be viewed.

A

color palette

117
Q

Material patterning must be designed at two scales: the _______ themselves, such as ____, and the ____ into larger assemblies.

A

individual elements
bricks or glass panes
composition of these elements

118
Q

under technique

A

fabrication
detail
craft
weathering

119
Q

refers to how a material was created, processed, and assembled.

A

fabrication

120
Q

determine how individual material elements or systems are joined

A

construction details

121
Q

Common methods of joinery

A

various types of mechanical fastening (nails, bolts, rivets…), Welding, adhering, and so on.

122
Q

is evident in a well-resolved and finely executed building, such as the elegant assemblage of wood and concrete systems

A

Attention to detail

123
Q

is crucial to the success and longevity of a project

A

the quality of design and construction workmanship

Terminologies (9 decks)

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