Geology (Quiz) Flashcards
is the line that marks the contact between land and sea.
Shoreline
refers specifically to the land along the edge of a body of water
Shore
refers to a larger geographical region that includes the shore as well as the adjacent land areas
Coast
an accumulation of sediment found along the landward margin of a water body.
beach
due to skeletons or shells of foraminiferas (single-celled marine organisms), corals and other organisms.
White sand
result of eroded volcanic materials such basalts (dark-colored volcanic rocks)
Black sand
originally white-colored sand beach, turned pinkish ever since washed-up red-colored corals spread all over the shore
Pink sand
huge andesite boulders were produced by Mt. Iraya volcano and these boulders were broken down, polished and rounded by strong waves in Batanes
Boulder beach
Refers to the specific interface or line where land and water meet
Shoreline
Has features, including rocky cliffs, sandy beaches, or marshy shores. Are subject to erosion and other natural processes
Coastline
also known simply as a cliff or a coastal cliff, is a geological feature formed by the erosion of waves against a coastline
Wave-cut Cliff
A narrow indentation or cutout in the coastline
Notch
refers to a nearly horizontal or gently sloping strip of land or sand found along the backshore of a beach
Berm
Part of the shore exposed at low tide and submerged at high tide
Foreshore
Extends from the shoreline to where waves break (surf zone) at the outer edge of the surf zone
Nearshore
Area beyond the nearshore zone. Associated with activities such as oil drilling, fishing, and shipping
Offshore
refers to the movement of water rushing up the beach after a wave breaks, carrying sediment and debris landward
Swash
is the flow of water back down the beach after the swash
Backwash
The uprush of water from each breaking wave (the swash) is at an oblique angle to the shoreline
Beach drift
Waves that approach the shore at an angle also produce currents within the surf zone that flow parallel to the shore and move substantially more sediment than beach drift.
Longshore Current
Are concentrated movements of water that flow opposite the direction of breaking waves.
Rip Current, rip tides
Most of the backwash from spent waves finds its way back to the open ocean as an unconfined flow across the ocean bottom
sheet flow
Erosional features
Wave-cut cliffs
Wave-cut platforms
Marine terraces
Sea arches
Sea stacks
A gently sloping, flat, or slightly inclined surface of rock that extends from the base of a wave-cut cliff out into the sea
Wave-cut platforms