quiz after midterm Flashcards
10.18-21 notes
PA findings for TB
coughing up blood (hemoptysis)
night sweats
weight loss
how long do TB pts have to be on meds
8-18 months
pleural effusion
lungs filling with liquid
what is pneumothorax
collapsed lung d/t air in the pleural space
what is a small blister like ouchie in the lungs that if ruptured can cause pneumothorax
bleb; commonly seen in tall, white, thin, boys
hemothorax
lungs filling with blood
empyema
lungs filling with pus
what happens to the body in tension pneumothorax
increased mediastinal shift
vena cava crimped off (no blood coming in heart, no blood exiting, decreased CO)
tracheal deviation to unaffected side
tension pneumothorax
air continuously enters the lungs but cannot exit
acute pneumothorax PA findings
chest pain
SOB and tachypnea
tahchycardia
decreased spo2—> cyanosis
diminished breath sounds
crepitus (if tension)
structure of the heart
apex on bottom
base at top
pericardium covering over the heart
endocardium
innermost layer of heart wall
myocardium
thick middle layer of heart wall
pericardium
outermost layer composed of the visceral (inner) and parietal (outer) layers with serous fluid in between
where do clots often build up
auricles
the heart is what kind of pump
double pump
what side of the heart is oxygen poor
right side
valves that make S1 or lub
tricuspid and mitral
valves that make S2 or dub
aortic an pulmonary semilunard
bundle of His
carries electrical impulses from AV node to ventricles of the heart
left and right bundle branches
conduct impulses to the left and right ventricles respectively
what pumps blood to the whole body
left anterior descending artery
purkinjie fibers
spread the electrical impulse from the bundles of His to directly stimulate muscle contraction of the ventricles
is diastole or systole longer
diastole
what is lost in tachycardia
diastole
P wave
atria depolarization
T wave
ventricles repolarize
QRS complex
ventricles depolarize and atria repolarize
STEMI
ST segment elevated indicates MI (QRS will also be wider than usual)
what do have client lean forwards to palpate
AP site 5th ICS MCL
that is a thrill
fine rushing vibration
you have client sit up, lean forward, and exhale to listen to what
aortic murmur
have client lie on left side to listen to what
mitral murmur
normal pulse deficit
0
what does pules pressure measure
NOT pulse, measures BP
the difference between SBP and DBP
what can cause silent MI
diabetic neuropathy
heart transplant
normal pulse pressure
40-60mmHg
risk factors for heart attack
smoking
DM
overweight
lack of exercise
HTN
high cholesterol
unsaturated fats
PMI stands for
point of maximal pulse
JVD
jugular venous distention d/t
fluid volume overload
possible HF
must have pt put head and neck at 45 degrees
