quiz after midterm

Question 1

PA findings for TB

Answer 1

coughing up blood (hemoptysis)
night sweats
weight loss

Question 2

how long do TB pts have to be on meds

Answer 2

8-18 months

Question 3

pleural effusion

Answer 3

lungs filling with liquid

Question 3

what is pneumothorax

Answer 3

collapsed lung d/t air in the pleural space

Question 4

what is a small blister like ouchie in the lungs that if ruptured can cause pneumothorax

Answer 4

bleb; commonly seen in tall, white, thin, boys

Question 5

hemothorax

Answer 5

lungs filling with blood

Question 6

empyema

Answer 6

lungs filling with pus

Question 7

what happens to the body in tension pneumothorax

Answer 7

increased mediastinal shift
vena cava crimped off (no blood coming in heart, no blood exiting, decreased CO)
tracheal deviation to unaffected side

Question 7

tension pneumothorax

Answer 7

air continuously enters the lungs but cannot exit

Question 8

acute pneumothorax PA findings

Answer 8

chest pain
SOB and tachypnea
tahchycardia
decreased spo2—> cyanosis
diminished breath sounds
crepitus (if tension)

Question 9

structure of the heart

Answer 9

apex on bottom
base at top
pericardium covering over the heart

Question 10

endocardium

Answer 10

innermost layer of heart wall

Question 11

myocardium

Answer 11

thick middle layer of heart wall

Question 12

pericardium

Answer 12

outermost layer composed of the visceral (inner) and parietal (outer) layers with serous fluid in between

Question 13

where do clots often build up

Answer 13

auricles

Question 14

the heart is what kind of pump

Answer 14

double pump

Question 15

what side of the heart is oxygen poor

Answer 15

right side

Question 16

valves that make S1 or lub

Answer 16

tricuspid and mitral

Question 17

valves that make S2 or dub

Answer 17

aortic an pulmonary semilunard

Question 18

bundle of His

Answer 18

carries electrical impulses from AV node to ventricles of the heart

Question 19

left and right bundle branches

Answer 19

conduct impulses to the left and right ventricles respectively

Question 20

what pumps blood to the whole body

Answer 20

left anterior descending artery

Question 21

purkinjie fibers

Answer 21

spread the electrical impulse from the bundles of His to directly stimulate muscle contraction of the ventricles

Question 22

is diastole or systole longer

Answer 22

diastole

Question 23

what is lost in tachycardia

Answer 23

diastole

Question 24

P wave

Answer 24

atria depolarization

Question 25

T wave

Answer 25

ventricles repolarize

Question 25

QRS complex

Answer 25

ventricles depolarize and atria repolarize

Question 26

STEMI

Answer 26

ST segment elevated indicates MI (QRS will also be wider than usual)

Question 27

what do have client lean forwards to palpate

Answer 27

AP site 5th ICS MCL

Question 28

that is a thrill

Answer 28

fine rushing vibration

Question 29

you have client sit up, lean forward, and exhale to listen to what

Answer 29

aortic murmur

Question 30

have client lie on left side to listen to what

Answer 30

mitral murmur

Question 31

normal pulse deficit

Answer 31

0

Question 32

what does pules pressure measure

Answer 32

NOT pulse, measures BP
the difference between SBP and DBP

Question 33

what can cause silent MI

Answer 33

diabetic neuropathy
heart transplant

Question 34

normal pulse pressure

Answer 34

40-60mmHg

Question 35

risk factors for heart attack

Answer 35

smoking
DM
overweight
lack of exercise
HTN
high cholesterol
unsaturated fats

Question 36

PMI stands for

Answer 36

point of maximal pulse

Question 37

JVD

Answer 37

jugular venous distention d/t
fluid volume overload
possible HF
must have pt put head and neck at 45 degrees