Quiz 7: Eye

Question 1

Which part of the eye is a derivative of neuroectoderm?

Answer 1

Retina (and pigmented structures)

Question 2

Which parts of the eye are derivatives of surface ectoderm?

Answer 2

Lens and cornea

Question 3

Which part of the eye is a derivative of neural crest mesenchyme?

Answer 3

Sclera

Question 4

Which tunic is the outermost? What does it contain?

Answer 4

Fibrous; Sclera and cornea

Question 5

What is the function of the sclera?

Answer 5

Maintains shape if pressure inside the eye increases

Question 6

Anteriorly, the sclera transitions into the cornea at which location?

Answer 6

Limbus

Question 7

Posteriorly, the sclera is continuous with the fibrous sheath that covers which cranial nerve?

Answer 7

CNII

Question 8

What is the primary refractory part of the eyeball?

Answer 8

Cornea

Question 9

Which layer of the cornea is continuous with the conjunctiva?

Answer 9

Corneal epithelium

Question 10

Which layer of the cornea is the largest?

Answer 10

Substantia propria

Question 11

Which layer of the cornea covers the inside surface and lines the iridocorneal layer?

Answer 11

Endothelium

Question 12

Endothelium covers the inside surface of the cornea and lines what?

Answer 12

Iridocorneal layer

Question 13

Which part of the eye may have a cooling effect?

Answer 13

Choroid

Question 14

The choroid is loosely attached to the sclera except:

Answer 14

Where the optic nerve penetrates it

Question 15

The ciliary body is continuous with _____ to the anterior and _____ to the posterior.

Answer 15

Iris; Choroid

Question 16

The vascular tunic contains which parts of the eye?

Answer 16

Choroid, ciliary body and the iris

Question 17

Which part of the eye is responsible for producing aqueous fluid found in the anterior segment of the eye?

Answer 17

Ciliary body

Question 18

Contraction of the ciliary muscle allows the lens to become _____, allowing for near vision.

Answer 18

More convex

Question 19

The iris consists of which two muscles?

Answer 19

Sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae

Question 20

The sphincter pupillae muscle is innervated by _____ fibers, while the dilator pupillae muscle is innervated by _____ fibers.

Answer 20

Parasympathetic; sympathetic

Question 21

Which tunic is considered to be a specialized portion of the brain?

Answer 21

Nervous tunic (retina)

Question 22

Which exam is used to make retinal structures visible?

Answer 22

Funduscopic exam

Question 23

The point at which the optic nerve attaches to the eyeball is termed:

Answer 23

Optic disc

Question 24

The area of clearest vision is the:

Answer 24

Macula lutea

Question 25

No photoreceptors are present in which part of the retina?

Answer 25

Optic disc

Question 26

Which structure lies in the middle of the maculae lutea?

Answer 26

Fovea centralis

Question 27

The macula lutea contains which photoreceptor?

Answer 27

Cones (no rods!)

Question 28

The clear fluid secreted by the ciliary processes found on the posterior aspect of the ciliary body is called:

Answer 28

Aqueous humor

Question 29

Aqueous humor ultimately leaves the eyeball through which structure?

Answer 29

Scleral venous sinus

Question 30

This part of the eye has no blood supply.

Answer 30

Lens

Question 31

The name of the condition where the lens gets harder with age, causing difficulty with near vision.

Answer 31

Presbyopia

Question 32

The fluid that fills the posterior segment is called:

Answer 32

Vitreous body

Question 33

The structure that connects the optic nerve and lens.

Answer 33

Hyaloid canal

Question 34

The hyaloid canal contains which structure?

Answer 34

Fetal hyaloid artery (totally pointless for adults)

Question 35

Lacrimal glands are located _____ to the eyeball.

Answer 35

Superolaterally

Question 36

Tears flow in which direction?

Answer 36

Laterally to medially across the eye

Question 37

Lacrimal ducts are located _____ to the eyeball.

Answer 37

Below and medial

Question 38

The lacrimal sac is the most superior part of what structure?

Answer 38

Nasolacrimal duct

Question 39

The most superior part of the nasolacrimal duct is?

Answer 39

Lacrimal sac

Question 40

The lacrimal sac is found in a groove between which two structures?

Answer 40

Lacrimal bone and the maxilla

Question 41

The nasolacrimal duct drains tears from the lacrimal sac into the:

Answer 41

Inferior nasal meatus

Question 42

In order, describe the flow of tears in the lacrimal apparatus.

Answer 42

Lacrimal gland --> Surface of the eye --> Lacrimal ducts -->Lacrimal sac (nasolacrimal duct) --> inferior nasal meatus

Question 43

All arteries to the eyeball are branches of which artery?

Answer 43

Ophthalmic artery

Question 44

Which artery runs between the sclera and choroid?

Answer 44

Posterior ciliary artery

Question 45

How many short ciliary arteries enter the eyeball?

Answer 45

6-12

Question 46

How many anterior ciliary arteries arch under and over the eyeball?

Answer 46

6-8

Question 47

Short ciliary arteries form a ring around which nerve?

Answer 47

Optic nerve

Question 48

The only artery that supplies the retina.

Answer 48

Central retinal artery

Question 49

Which nerve provides sensory supply to the ciliary body, cornea and iris?

Answer 49

Long ciliary nerve

Question 50

Which nerve provides sensory supply to the eyeball?

Answer 50

Short ciliary nerve

Question 51

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers from the cavernous plexus pass through the ciliary ganglion and reach which muscles?

Answer 51

Ciliaris and dilator pupillae muscles

Question 52

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the ciliary ganglion follow a similar path to which muscles?

Answer 52

Ciliaris and sphincter pupillae muscles