Quiz 7 Drugs Flashcards
Brand Name: Actos
Generic Name: Pioglitazone (pie-o-glit-uh-zone)
Therapeutic Indication: Hyperglycemia (type 2)
Dental Consideration: chest pain, trouble breathing
Brand Name: Pravachol
Generic Name: Pravastatin
Therapeutic Indication: Hyperlipidemia
Dental Consideration: muscle pain and weakness
Brand Name: Prozac
Generic Name: Fluoxetine
Therapeutic Indication: anxiety and depression
Dental Consideration: xerostomia, orthostatic hypotension
Brand Name: Levemir
Generic Name: Insulin Detemir
Therapeutic Indication: type 1 diabetes
Dental Consideration: trouble breathing, pharyngitis
Brand Name: Diflucan
Generic Name: Fluconazole
Therapeutic Indication: fungal infections
Dental Consideration: taste perversion
Brand Name: Levaquin
Generic Name: Levofloxacin (le-vo-flax-uh-sin)
Therapeutic Indication: bacterial infections
Dental Consideration: none
Brand Name: Xarelto
Generic Name: Rivaroxaban (Riv-uh-rox-uh-ban)
Therapeutic Indication: venous thromboembolism
Dental Consideration: increased risk of bleeding
Brand Name: Celebrex
Generic Name: Celecoxib (sel-eh-Cox-ib)
Therapy indication: acute pain, inflammation and arthritis
Dental Consideration: stomatitis, xerostomia
Brand Name: Nasonex
Generic Name: Mometasone
Therapeutic Indication: rhinitis, allergies (steroid)
Dental Consideration: cough, stuffy or runny nose
Brand Name: Cipro
Generic Name: Ciprofloxacin
Therapeutic Indication: Bacterial infections
Dental Consideration: shortness of breath
Which of the following is considered an adverse reaction associated with the opioids?
A) Respiratory depression
B) Constipation
C) Sedation
D) Nausea and vomiting
E) All of the above
E) All of the above
In acute overdose, aceteminophen adversely affects the liver.
True
False
True
Pain may be both a powerful motivator and de-motivator for patients to seek help from their dental professional.
True
False
True
_____ is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience in which the body is made urgently aware of actual or _____ tissue damage.
Pain; potential
Pick out the Factors that “lower” the pain threshold
A) Fear
B) Sleep
C) Depression
D) Anxiety
E) Fatigue
F) Sleep
G) Placebo Effect
A) Fear
C) Depression
D) Anxiety
E) Fatigue
Which of the following factors does not “raise” the pain thresshold?
A) Sleep
B) Anxiety
C) Empathy
D) Placebo effect
B) Anxiety
Chemical agents that occur naturally in the environment of pain receptors after acute tissue damage are ______ substances.
These include:
- adenosine
- adenosine triphosphate
- serotonin
- histamine
- bradykinin
- cytokines
- ________
algogenic; prostaglandins.
Aspirin Equianalgesic doses that equal 650mg of aspirin
- ___ mg of ibuprofen
- ___ mg acetaminophen
- ___ mg of naproxen
200mg ibuprophen
650mg acetaminophen
275mg naproxen
Reye’s syndrome is a rare disorder that causes brain and liver damage that occurs in children with a recent viral infection. Taking _____ to treat such an infection greatly increases the risk of Reye’s syndrome.
aspirin
(Hepatotoxicity (from hepatic toxicity) implies chemical-driven liver damage. “Encephalopathy” means damage or disease that affects the brain.
If a patient has a cross-sensitivity with NSAIDs, they have a _____ chance of having an allergy reaction to _____.
90% greater; aspirin
Maximum daily dose of ibuprofen is ______
3200mg
Max effective does is 75% of the daily dose??
Name three adverse reactions to opioid analgesics.
- Constipation (OIC)
- Nausea and emesis (vomiting)
- Dermatological reactions
COX Inhibition Phospholipids Arachidonic Acid (COX-1) (COX-2) Physiologic Prostaglandins Pathologic Prostaglandins ????
- GI protection
- Pain sensitization
- Renal protection
- Inflammation
- Smooth muscle relaxes
- Leukocyte
- Regulate blood clotting
Factors that ____ the pain threshold and contribute to a lesser reaction to pain are sleep, empathy, and placebo effect.
raise
__________ increase risk of overdose and toxicity.
Zero-order kinetics
Adverse reactions to aspirin are ________, decreased protective prostaglandins, ________, increased gastric acid secretion, nausea and vomiting.
gastrointestinal ulceration; decreased protective mucous
Contraindications for taking aspirin are _______, pregnancy, gout, ________, history of hypersensitivity, ________.
peptic ulcer, hemophilia, cross-sensitivity with NSAIDs
Pharmacologic effects of NSAIDs are _____, analgesic, and ______.
antipyretic; anti-inflammatory
_______ are more effective if administered before pain.
NSAID’s
_______ is an adverse reaction to acetaminophen (APAP).
Hepatotoxicity
(because it is converted to a liver-toxic metabolite)
APAP can cause possible liver failure with either ______ ingestion of supratherapeutic doses; or ______ ingestion of high therapeutic doses.
acute; chronic
Contraindications for the use of opioid analgesics are ____, head injuries, hepatic, _____ impairment, prostatic hypertrophy, constipation.
Chronic respiratory disease (COPD); renal function
Name the three main drugs that are used to treat Opiod Addiction
- Vivitrol (naltrexone)
- Sublocade (buprenorphine)
- Suboxone (buprenorphine plus naloxone)
