Quiz 7 Drugs

Question 1

Brand Name: Actos

Answer 1

Generic Name: Pioglitazone (pie-o-glit-uh-zone)

Therapeutic Indication: Hyperglycemia (type 2)

Dental Consideration: chest pain, trouble breathing

Question 2

Brand Name: Pravachol

Answer 2

Generic Name: Pravastatin

Therapeutic Indication: Hyperlipidemia

Dental​ Consideration: muscle pain and weakness

Question 3

Brand Name: Prozac

Answer 3

Generic Name: Fluoxetine

Therapeutic Indication: anxiety and depression

Dental Consideration: xerostomia, orthostatic hypotension

Question 4

Brand Name: Levemir

Answer 4

Generic Name: Insulin Detemir

Therapeutic Indication: type 1 diabetes

Dental Consideration: trouble breathing, pharyngitis

Question 5

Brand Name: Diflucan

Answer 5

Generic Name: Fluconazole

Therapeutic Indication: fungal infections

Dental Consideration: taste perversion

Question 6

Brand Name: Levaquin

Answer 6

Generic Name: Levofloxacin (le-vo-flax-uh-sin)

Therapeutic Indication: bacterial infections

Dental Consideration: none

Question 7

Brand Name: Xarelto

Answer 7

Generic Name: Rivaroxaban (Riv-uh-rox-uh-ban)

Therapeutic Indication: venous thromboembolism

Dental Consideration: increased risk of bleeding

Question 8

Brand Name: Celebrex

Answer 8

Generic Name: Celecoxib (sel-eh-Cox-ib)

Therapy indication: acute pain, inflammation and arthritis

Dental Consideration: stomatitis, xerostomia

Question 9

Brand Name: Nasonex

Answer 9

Generic Name: Mometasone

Therapeutic Indication: rhinitis, allergies (steroid)

Dental Consideration: cough, stuffy or runny nose

Question 10

Brand Name: Cipro

Answer 10

Generic Name: Ciprofloxacin

Therapeutic Indication: Bacterial infections

Dental Consideration: shortness of breath

Question 11

Which of the following is considered an adverse reaction associated with the opioids?

A) Respiratory depression

B) Constipation

C) Sedation

D) Nausea and vomiting

E) All of the above

Answer 11

E) All of the above

Question 12

In acute overdose, aceteminophen adversely affects the liver.

True

False

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Pain may be both a powerful motivator and de-motivator for patients to seek help from their dental professional.

True

False

Answer 13

True

Question 14

_____ is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience in which the body is made urgently aware of actual or _____ tissue damage.

Answer 14

Pain; potential

Question 15

Pick out the Factors that “lower” the pain threshold

A) Fear

B) Sleep

C) Depression

D) Anxiety

E) Fatigue

F) Sleep

G) Placebo Effect

Answer 15

A) Fear

C) Depression

D) Anxiety

E) Fatigue

Question 16

Which of the following factors does not “raise” the pain thresshold?

A) Sleep

B) Anxiety

C) Empathy

D) Placebo effect

Answer 16

B) Anxiety

Question 17

Chemical agents that occur naturally in the environment of pain receptors after acute tissue damage are ______ substances.

These include:

1. adenosine
2. adenosine triphosphate
3. serotonin
4. histamine
5. bradykinin
6. cytokines
7. ________

Answer 17

algogenic; prostaglandins.

Question 18

Aspirin Equianalgesic doses that equal 650mg of aspirin

• ___ mg of ibuprofen
• ___ mg acetaminophen
• ___ mg of naproxen

Answer 18

200mg ibuprophen

650mg acetaminophen

275mg naproxen

Question 19

Reye’s syndrome is a rare disorder that causes brain and liver damage that occurs in children with a recent viral infection. Taking _____ to treat such an infection greatly increases the risk of Reye’s syndrome.

Answer 19

aspirin

(Hepatotoxicity (from hepatic toxicity) implies chemical-driven liver damage. “Encephalopathy” means damage or disease that affects the brain.

Question 20

If a patient has a cross-sensitivity with NSAIDs, they have a _____ chance of having an allergy reaction to _____.

Answer 20

90% greater; aspirin

Question 21

Maximum daily dose of ibuprofen is ______

Answer 21

3200mg

Max effective does is 75% of the daily dose??

Question 22

Name three adverse reactions to opioid analgesics.

Answer 22

1. Constipation (OIC)
2. Nausea and emesis (vomiting)
3. Dermatological reactions

Question 23

COX Inhibition Phospholipids Arachidonic Acid (COX-1) (COX-2) Physiologic Prostaglandins Pathologic Prostaglandins ????

• GI protection
• Pain sensitization
• Renal protection
• Inflammation
• Smooth muscle relaxes
• Leukocyte
• Regulate blood clotting

Question 24

Factors that ____ the pain threshold and contribute to a lesser reaction to pain are sleep, empathy, and placebo effect.

Answer 24

raise

Question 25

__________ increase risk of overdose and toxicity.

Answer 25

Zero-order kinetics

Question 26

Adverse reactions to aspirin are ________, decreased protective prostaglandins, ________, increased gastric acid secretion, nausea and vomiting.

Answer 26

gastrointestinal ulceration; decreased protective mucous

Question 27

Contraindications for taking aspirin are _______, pregnancy, gout, ________, history of hypersensitivity, ________.

Answer 27

peptic ulcer, hemophilia, cross-sensitivity with NSAIDs

Question 28

Pharmacologic effects of NSAIDs are _____, analgesic, and ______.

Answer 28

antipyretic; anti-inflammatory

Question 29

_______ are more effective if administered before pain.

Answer 29

NSAID’s

Question 30

_______ is an adverse reaction to acetaminophen (APAP).

Answer 30

Hepatotoxicity

(because it is converted to a liver-toxic metabolite)

Question 31

APAP can cause possible liver failure with either ______ ingestion of supratherapeutic doses; or ______ ingestion of high therapeutic doses.

Answer 31

acute; chronic

Question 32

Contraindications for the use of opioid analgesics are ____, head injuries, hepatic, _____ impairment, prostatic hypertrophy, constipation.

Answer 32

Chronic respiratory disease (COPD); renal function

Question 33

Name the three main drugs that are used to treat Opiod Addiction

Answer 33

• Vivitrol (naltrexone)
• Sublocade (buprenorphine)
• Suboxone (buprenorphine plus naloxone)