CH1 Intro to Pharmacology Flashcards
Name a benefit to having a solid foundational knowledge of pharmacology.
Digoxin
Brand Name: Lanoxin
Use: Congestive heart failure
Considerations: Hypertension
Derived from plants
Congestive heart failure is indicative of other organ failure. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are the result of systemic inflamation.
A. The first statement is true. The second statement is false.
B. The first statement is false. The second statement is true.
C. Both statements are false.
D. Both statements are true.
D. Both statements are true.
NOTES
- Problem with Captopril –> take x4 daily
- Lisinioril: advantage is just x2 daily
- Ramipril: have to take only x1 daily
- PRIL –> based on the same tech
- Electronmicroscopy? Prilosec was made from electronmicroscopy
- Omeprazole:
- Sometimes bugs make the drug:
________: describes drug’s molecular structure.
- N-acetyl-para-aminophenol
Chemical Name
- Need it to take a good medical history
- Pharmacology –> inner voice that tells you what is wrong with you based on drugs patient takes
- cardiovascular disease patient –> better to take appointment in the evening
- Emergency Kit
- epinefron
- albuterol
- glucose –> no cake icing because it is sucrose, you need glucose to treat diabetes
- Nitroglyserin
- Injectable Benadryl
- Emergency Kit
NOTES
- How do you write a prescription?
- Lots of latin
-
Know what the abreviations mean
*
- FDA: determine safety and effective of drugs and inspect facilities (takes 6-10 years)
- DEA: Whether or not a drug is addictive?
- Controlled
- Uncontrolled
-
Know Schedules
- schedule I is most addictive (Lowest number)
- schedule V is least addictive (Highest number)
- What is marajuana schedule I –> board question
- Alien infection –> parasitic infection
- You don’t give kids adult doses
- Utero –> Pregnancy categories
- Category A is safer –> DON’T NEED TO MEMORIZE PREGNANCY CATEGORIES
- Lidocain, Prilocain, Carbicain –> There are two Bs and three Cs
Captopril, Lisinopril, and Ramipril are simliar technologies with the same structural activity relationships.
A. True
B. False
A. True
(You can tell because they all end in -pril.)
_______ are substances used for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of disease, or for the prevention of pregnancy.
Drugs
What are the five products in nature that, when ingested, might alter one’s body function or awareness?
- Plants
- Microorganisms
- Reptiles
- Mammals
- Minerals
______ are created by chemically modifying existing drugs with known activity to produce drugs with _____ activity.
New drugs; enhanced
How many names does each drug have?
at least 3
What are the top five items in a medical emergency kit?
- Glucose
- Injectable Benadryl
- Epinephrine
- Nitroglycerine
- Albuterol
When is the best time to treat a type 2 diabetic?
morning
What is the best time of day to treat a patient using blood thinners?
evenings
A drug patent is valid for ____ years.
21
Which agency detemines which drugs are to be marketed and sold in the United States by prescription after considering the safety, efficacy and physical & chemical data?
Food & Drug Administration (FDA)
Which agency determines the degree of controls necessary for the distribution of substances with varying abuse potential?
This agency determines if a drug becomes a “controlled” substance.
This agency also does inspections.
Drug Enforcement Administration
A schedule ___ controlled substance does not have an accepted medical use. An example of this would be heroin.
I
A schedule ____ controlled substance has high abuse potential. An example of this is Percocet and Vicodin.
II
A schedule ___ controlled substance has moderate abuse potential. An example of this is Tyloenol with codine.
III
A schedule ___ controlled substance has a low abuse potential. An example of this is Valium.
IV
A schedule ___ controlled substance has the least abuse potential. An example of this is Robitussin with codine
V
True or False.
A schedule I contolled substance is less addictive than a schedule V controlled substance.
false
A schedule I contolled substance is more addictive than a schedule V controlled substance.
According the the federal government, marijuana is a schedule ___ controlled substance.
I
Prescription abbreviations:
qd
once daily
Prescription abbreviations:
bid
twice daily
Prescription abbreviations:
tid
three times a day
Prescription abbreviations:
qid
four times a day
Prescription abbreviations:
pc
after meals
Prescription abbreviations:
ac
before meals
Prescription abbreviations:
po
by mouth
Prescription abbreviations:
prn
as needed
Prescription abbreviations:
sig
write (label)
Prescription abbreviations:
stat
immediately
Prescription abbreviations:
hs
at bedtime
(hint: shhhhh…)
Prescription abbreviations:
ud
as directed
Congestive heart failure results from many years of untreated _____.
hypertension
Cardiovascular disease + diabetes = ________
chronic inflammation
What might you infer if a patient indicates that they have suffer from cardiovasular disease on their health history?
- That the patient might suffer from HBP, hyperlipidemia, angina; or perhaps they are a diabetic.
- Inactive lifestyle or poor dietary habits.
True or false:
The generic name is given by the pharmaceutical company that developed it?
False
The generic name is a government given name. It is developed by the USAN
_________: official name chosen by the USAN Each drug has only 1 generic name.
- acetaminophen (lower case) or APAP
Generic Name
________: name selected by drug company. Each drug can have more than 1 brand name.
- Tylenol, Panadol (capitalized)
Cannabis is falls under what level of scheduled controlled substances?
A) schedule V
B) schedule II
C) schedule III
D) schedule I
D) schedule I
