Quiz 7 Flashcards
Friday October 25 - Wednesday October 30th
What vowel is the single tube model used to represent?
Schwa only
What types of vowels does the two tube model represent?
Low vowels
What is a two tube model?
Two tubes that are closed on one end and open on the other
How can you calculate the frequencies of in a two tube model?
Calculate the frequencies of each tube separately and order them from smallest to largest to get F1, F2, F3…
What types of vowels does the Helmholtz model represent?
High vowels
What is the Helmholtz model?
Tube that has a constriction separating the front and back tubes
What types of tubes are in a Helmholtz tube?
Back cavity: closed - closed
Constriction
Front cavity: closed - open
What is the calculation for the constriction?
V/π √A/VL
How is the F1 in a Helmholtz model shown in a nomogram?
Single isolated low resonant frequency
What type of tubes have a higher resonant frequency?
Short tubes
What happens when the constriction is made farther forward?
Back tube gets longer which increases the frequency
What are harmonics?
All the waves created by the source
What are formants?
All the standing waves in the filter
What’s the relationship between F1 and vowels?
Higher F1 = Low vowels
Whats the relationship between F2 and vowels?
Higher F2 = front vowel
What is perturbation theory?
A way of understanding consequences of events in the vocal tract.
Looks at constrictions relative to nodes and antinodes
Where do nodes occur?
0 line
Closed end of a tube
Where do antinodes occur?
Peaks and valleys
Open end of a tube
What happens to the frequency when the constriction is near an antinode?
Decreases frequency
What happens to the frequency when the constriction is near a node?
Increases frequency
