Quiz 6 Material Flashcards
What does it mean by digestibility?
what portion of the feed is used by the animal; what portion is excreted in urine/feces
What are the 3 digestibility measures?
- Apparent
- True
- Apparent Biological Value
What do fecal excretions contain? (2)
- undigested residues
- metabolic nutrients
What do metabolic nutrients contain? (4)
- residues of excretions
- cellular debris
- excretory products
- debris and metabolites of microorganisms
What do urinary excretions contain? (4) During illness? (3)
- water
- metabolites containing nitrogen and sulfur
- minerals - Na, Cl, K, P
- water soluble vitamins
During illness: - sugars
- proteins
- ketone bodies
Which of the digestibility measures is used more often? More accurate?
apparent and true; true and apparent biological value
Know the digestibility equations
Do I know them?
How long must you feed an animal in order to measure digestibility?
long term
What does apparent biological value measure?
the amount of absorbed nutrient that’s retained by an animal
What must a marker be in order to determine digestibility?
What are some examples of markers? (4)
- inert
- not digestible
- moves with digesta
Examples: - lignin
- chromic oxide (limited availability)
- rare earths
- polyethylene glycol
Can you feed more than 2% of fat to ruminants? Why?
no; cause change in rumen pH which will cause the bacteria to die
What does Beta Oxidation do? Where does it occur?
Break down fat to produce energy; mitochondria
What does Beta Oxidation go through in order to produce energy? (2)
TCA cycle and electron transport chain
What kind of fatty acids does beta oxidation break down?
Even chain
When do you normally see cow experiencing ketosis? What type of cattle does this mainly happen to?
After calving; dairy cattle
How can you treat a cow that’s ketotic?
Give glucose IV
In goats and sheep, when does ketosis normally happen? Why?
Prior to birth; they can carry multiple offspring which leads to the mother not having enough room for food
How can you treat a sheep or goat who is ketotic?
Creat magic mix (mixture of high energy liquid such as molasses, corn syrup, etc) or give glucose IV
How can you prevent ketosis in animals?
Managing diet
